Drought stress and Acacia seyal biochar effects on sorghum gas exchange and yield: A greenhouse experiment

Authors

  • Biar Deng Department of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 27 (Latokartanonkaari 5), FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
  • Bolajoko Bada Department of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 27 (Latokartanonkaari 5), FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
  • Priit Tammeorg Department of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 27 (Latokartanonkaari 5), FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
  • Juha Helenius Department of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 27 (Latokartanonkaari 5), FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
  • Olavi Luukkanen Department of Forest Sciences, P.O. Box 27 (Latokartanonkaari 7), FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
  • Mike Starr Department of Forest Sciences, P.O. Box 27 (Latokartanonkaari 7), FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland

Keywords:

Biochar,, Drought stress, Gas exchange, Sorghum, Water use efficiency

Abstract

Drought is the controlling abiotic stress factor affecting crop production in dryland environments and exposes millions of people to food insecurity in Africa and Asia. Although sorghum is drought tolerant, it is not sufficiently known if biochar can reduce drought-related losses in yields in clay soils for this particular crop. The stomatal morphology and gas exchange responses were investigated of a sorghum cultivar, ‘Wad Ahmed’ (widely grown throughout Sudan and South Sudan), to drought stress and Acacia seyal biochar application in a greenhouse pot experiment. The experiment was set up in a split-plot, randomized block design with two experimental factors: drought stress (60%, 40%, 20% of field capacity) and biochar (no biochar and 10 Mg/ha). The potting soil was clay textured with 5% carbon content. There were eight replicate pots of each treatment which were arranged randomly in six blocks giving a total of 48 pots. The experiment lasted 153 d from sowing, with 127 d of drought treatment. The results showed that while drought stress had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on gas exchange, water use efficiency, biomass and grain yield, biochar had no significant effect, and neither drought stress nor biochar had a significant effect on stomatal size and density. It may be that high doses of biochar are required to benefit crops grown under drought stress, particularly when the soils have initially high soil organic carbon content, with more time needed for any effect to become evident.

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Published

2019-12-31

How to Cite

Deng, Biar, Bolajoko Bada, Priit Tammeorg, Juha Helenius, Olavi Luukkanen, and Mike Starr. 2019. “Drought Stress and Acacia Seyal Biochar Effects on Sorghum Gas Exchange and Yield: A Greenhouse Experiment”. Agriculture and Natural Resources 53 (6). Bangkok, Thailand:573–580. https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/anres/article/view/232629.

Issue

Section

Research Article