Laboratory bioassays of volatile pyrethroid spatial repellents against medically important mosquitoes in the Asia-Pacific region: A systematic review

บทคัดย่อ

Importance of the work: Variations were identified in laboratory evaluation studies of volatile pyrethroid spatial repellents (VPSRs) in the Asia-Pacific region (APR).

Objectives: To conduct a systematic review of laboratory studies of VPSR efficacy in the APR and their adherence to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines.

Materials and Methods: The search occurred between May 2023 until September 2024. Studies were identified by searching electronic databases and were screened using defined criteria. Strengths and weaknesses were identified of studies according to WHO guidelines and the relevant published literature. Critical comments were included on evaluation methods, design, and mosquito rearing conditions.

Results: Since 2004, VPSR studies in the APR have focused on toxic effects, as reflected by their chosen evaluation methods. Laboratory studies measured common entomological endpoints such as knockdown rate, knockdown time, and mortality. There was minimal variation in protocol due to unique study objectives. However, mosquito rearing conditions and physiological status in some studies did not adhere to WHO guidelines. This could be attributed to the unique main objectives and resources of each study. In addition, three-room chamber studies emphasized the importance of airspace volume and the capabilities of secondary devices in vaporizer formulations when conducting efficacy studies in this test arena.

Main finding: Individual VPSR studies in the APR appeared to be unique. Engagement of other APR countries would be beneficial to provide preliminary picture of efficacy against medically important mosquitoes and to support further semi-field and field studies.