The Extraction conditions for bioactive compounds from germinated Black Jasmine rice using aqueous two-phase system
Keywords:
Aqueous two-phase system, gamma-aminobutyric acid, Phenolics compounds, Flavonoid, Antioxidant activityAbstract
Black Jasmine rice is rich in bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins, phenolics, and flavonoids. It can be germinated to gain more bioactive compounds especially gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Generally, bioactive substances can be extracted using several methods, and the aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) is one of the most environmentally friendly extraction methods. Therefore, this work focused on studying the conditions for extracting bioactive compounds from germinated black jasmine rice using the ATPS by studying ethanol concentrations of 32%, 34%, 36%, 38%, 40%, 42%, and 44%, and the sample-to-solvent ratio of 1:50, 1:40, 1:30, 1:20, and 1:10 using ammonium sulfate at 16%. The results showed that an ethanol concentration of 34% and a sample-to-solvent ratio of 1:40 were optimal for extracting a high amount of GABA. Ammonium sulfate concentration of 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, and 22% were subsequently studied, using an ethanol concentration of 34% and a sample-to-solvent ratio of 1:40., It was found that GABA, phenolics, flavonoids, and Fe2+ chelating activity decreased as the concentration of ammonium sulfate increased., However, the amount of anthocyanin increased with the concentration of ammonium sulfate. This indicated that ATPS can be an alternative environmentally friendly extraction method for bioactive compounds from germinated rice.
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