ผลของการพรางแสงต่อการเจริญเติบโตและปริมาณธาตุอาหารในหัวว่านนางคุ้ม

Hongchai Pongkaw; Rungnapa Changjeraja

Authors

Hongchai Pongkaw Faculty of Science and Agricultural Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Lampang
Rungnapa Changjeraja Faculty of Science and Agricultural Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Lampang

Keywords:

P. amboinensis (L.) herb, Shading, Nutrients, Growth, Bulb

Abstract

P. amboinensis is a bulbous ornamental plant valued for its white flowers, long scapes, and broad dark-green leaves, making it suitable for use as cut flowers and potted plants. However, domestic cultivation often results in stunted leaves and leaf scorch due to excessive sunlight, which limits photosynthesis and reduces bulb size. This study hypothesized that regulating light intensity through shading could enhance plant growth and nutrient accumulation in the bulbs. The experiment evaluated the effects of three shading levels—full sun (no shading), 50% shading, and 70% shading – using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The study was conducted from March to December 2024 at the Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Lampang. Shading significantly improved vegetative growth. Both 50% and 70% shading increased petiole length, leaf length, and leaf width compared with full sun, with petiole length increasing by 1.52 and 1.35 times (p < 0.01), leaf length by 1.17 and 1.18 times (p < 0.05), and leaf width by 1.12 and 1.16 times (p < 0.05), respectively. The 70% shading treatment produced the most vigorous growth, showing significant increases in leaf greenness (1.37×), bulb fresh weight (2.76×), and bulb diameter (2.10×) relative to full sun. In contrast, bulbs grown under full sun accumulated significantly higher concentrations of phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium than those under 50% and 70% shading, exceeding the 70% shading treatment by 1.76×, 1.65×, and 1.41× (p < 0.01), respectively. Overall, the results indicate that 70% shading is the optimal level for promoting growth and bulb quality in P. amboinensis. Further studies should examine long-term shading effects on flowering performance to support efficient commercial production.

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