ผลของโปรแกรมการเตรียมความพร้อมในการจำหน่ายจากโรงพยาบาลต่อความรู้และการปฏิบัติของผู้ดูแลทารกโรคหัวใจพิการแต่กำเนิดชนิดไม่เขียว

Phenchaya Srivanton; Jutamas Chotibang; Thitima Suklerttrakul

Authors

Phenchaya Srivanton Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University
Jutamas Chotibang Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University
Thitima Suklerttrakul Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University

Keywords:

Readiness for hospital discharge, Knowledge, Practices, Caregivers, Infants with acyanotic congenital heart disease

Abstract

This quasi-experimental study aimed to examine the effects of a hospital discharge preparation program on the knowledge and practices of caregivers of infants with acyanotic congenital heart disease. The sample consisted of 42 caregivers of infants aged 0–1 year with acyanotic congenital heart disease who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care units and general pediatric wards of Maharaj Nakorn Chiang- Mai Hospital, Nakornping Hospital, and Chiangrai Prachanukroh Hospital. Participants were selected by simple random sampling, into an experimental group (n = 21) and a control group (n = 21). The experimental group received the hospital discharge preparation program, whereas the control group received routine nursing care. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, Fisher’s exact test, t-tests, the Mann–Whitney U test, and the Friedman test.

The research findings revealed that after receiving the program, the experimental group’s mean scores for knowledge and practice were significantly higher than their pre-test levels. Knowledge scores increased from 5.54 (SD = 1.414) to 24.13 (SD = 1.191), while practice scores rose from 49.50 (SD = 3.799) to 96.83 (SD = 3.116) (p < .001). Compared to the control group, the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher mean scores for both knowledge and practice immediately after receiving the program and at the 4-week follow-up (p < .001). These results suggest that the discharge preparation program is effective in enhancing the knowledge and caregiving practices of caregivers for infants with acyanotic congenital heart disease. Consequently, this program should be integrated into discharge planning to ensure infants are healthy, reduce complications, and be ready for surgery and readiness for surgery according to the doctor’s treatment plan.

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