The influence of growth stages on the antioxidant properties and phenolic compounds of Piper betle L. leaves
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14456/kcsj.2025.6Keywords:
Piper betle leaves, phenolic compound, antioxidant activity, growth stagesAbstract
his study aimed to evaluate the effect of different growth stages on the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities of Piper betle L. leaves. Leaf samples were categorized into young, mature, and old stages. The extracts were analyzed for TPC using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and assessed for antioxidant activities using DPPH and ABTS assays. The results showed that young leaves exhibited the highest TPC (437.67 ± 8.98 mg GAE/g extract) and the lowest half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in both DPPH (15.73 ± 0.39 mg/L) and ABTS (13.42 ± 0.24 mg/L) assays, indicating stronger antioxidant potential compared to mature and old leaves. A strong negative correlation was observed between TPC and IC50 values, with high coefficients of determination (R² = 1.000 for DPPH and R² = 0.999 for ABTS), suggesting that higher phenolic content is closely associated with lower IC50 values. These findings indicate that young P. betle leaves have the highest potential as a natural source of antioxidants.
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