Identification of anti-Vibrio fungus (Penicillium decumbens) to inhibit the growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a bacterial disease of shrimp
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Abstract
Fungal strain A5-1 was isolated from solar saltern land in Chanthaburi province and can inhibit Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp), a bacterial disease of shrimp by the dual culture technique. Morphology and molecular genetics identification using SSU rRNA and 18S rRNA gene sequences confirmed that the strain A5-1 is Penicillium decumbens that produces gelatinase, lipase, cellulase and protease, and showed an ability to grow in the presence of the different NaCl concentrations (0-60 psu) that classified as halotolerant fungi. 36 trial sets of factorial design is a method to determine the factors of anti-Vibrio substances production. All experiments showed the diameter of clear zone to inhibit Vp; therefore, the increasing of pH, ammonium concentrations and salinity have an effect on fungal sunstances production. The inhibition of maximum diameter is 2.56±0.06 cm showed in treatment T36 (1.0:9:30). The co-culture in broth presence the salinity of 10 and 20 psu, at 7.08x105 and 1.36x106 spores/mL of the fungal spore concentration can reduce number of Vp from 105 CFU/mL to less than or equal to 100 CFU/mL at 24 hours of incubation time, at 2.47x106 and 2.94x106 spores/mL of fungal spore concentration can reduce number of Vp from 107 CFU/mL to less than 100 CFU/mL at 96 hours of incubation time in 30 psu of salinity in broth. So, we can apply P. decumbens A5-1 to control number of Vp in shrimp culture.
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