Impact of organic fertilizer and weed control on weed density in pineapple crop
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Abstract
This study was condueted to evaluate the effect of different organic fertilizer applications and weed control on the diversity, density, and fresh weight of weeds in pineapple plantations during 90 days after planting. The experiment was conducted in Chonburi Province from November 2021 to February 2022. The randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was used, and 12 treatments consisted of four organic fertilizer applications (control without using organic fertilizer, chopped pineapple leaves composted at 2.47 ton/rai, chicken manure at 1.67 ton/rai, and a mixture of chopped pineapple leaves composted at 2.47 and chicken manure at 1.67 ton/rai) with three weed controls (control without weeding, hand weeding once a month and using a mixture of bromacill at 320 and diuron at 320 g a.i./rai). Total ten weed species they are of emerged and growth on the studying field, five species were broad–leaved (50%), four grasses (40%), and one sedge (10%). Among various species, morning glory, horse purslane and nutgrass were the dominant species in all plot. Weed density and fresh weight were higher in morning glory and nutgrass with chopped pineapple leaves composted application, but lower in horse purslane than chicken manure application. Interestingly, using chopped pineapple leaves composted or chicken manure alone resulted in lower weed density and fresh weight than combining chopped pineapple leaves composted and chicken manure. The results indicated that 90 days after planting, the type and rate of organic fertilizer application affected weed density and fresh weight, which varied according to weed species. Weed control of horse purslane can use herbicides or hand weeding once a month, while morning glory and nutgrass use herbicides only. Suitable alternative of the use of organic fertilizers to improve fertility in pineapple cropping systems is chopped pineapple leaves composted because it recycling waste and reducing costs. This study lasted 30-90 days after planting and aims to effect on weeds only. However, long-term experiments on organic fertilizer application would help confirm the influence of organic fertilization on weed seed bank, weed density, species diversity, the growth and crop yield of pineapple for weed management in cropping systems to increase production potential and pineapple crop yield.
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