Effect of hydraulic retention time on the performance of membrane bioreactor for pharmaceutical compound removal from hospital wastewater
Article Sidebar
Published:
Jun 21, 2019
Keywords:
pharmaceutical compounds hydraulic retention time (HRT) membrane bioreactor
Main Article Content
Abstract
Pharmaceutical compounds are a concern, as they are one of the most serious emerging environmental contaminants and hospital waste water is a major contributor as it discharges pharmaceutical compounds, via its liquid discharges, into municipal wastewater. Conventional waste water treatment systems are not designed to remove these compounds. Consequently, membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have been widely used to remove pharmaceutical compounds from hospital wastewater. This study investigated the pharmaceutical compound removal of a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor system operated under different hydraulic retention times (HRTs 3 and 6 h) for hospital wastewater treatment. Two pharmaceutical compounds, gemfibrozil (GFZ) and trimethoprim (TMP) were selected to be monitored in this study. The MBRs performance provided better removal of organic matters (BOD and COD > 90%) under operating conditions with lower hydraulic retention time. The results showed that prolonged HRT conditions, operated with complete nitrification, achieved greater pharmaceutical compound removal. Removal efficiencies of GFZ, when the HRT was increased from 3 to 6 h, were 10.80%, and 90.10% respectively, whereas the removal efficiency of TMP was found to be slightly increased from 40.79% (HRT 3 h) to 50.23% (HRT 6 h). GFZ tended to be removed by degradation, this was in fact confirmed by using the batch experiment. TMP was found to be adsorbed under an HRT of 3 h and had improved biodegradation after increasing the HRT to 6 h. Optimization of the operating conditions could increase the removal efficiency of pharmaceutical compounds.
Article Details
How to Cite
Prasertkulsak, S., & Chiemchaisri, C. (2019). Effect of hydraulic retention time on the performance of membrane bioreactor for pharmaceutical compound removal from hospital wastewater. RMUTSB ACADEMIC JOURNAL, 7(1), 126–141. Retrieved from https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/rmutsb-sci/article/view/151132
Section
Research Article
Published manuscript are the rights of their original owners and RMUTSB Academic Journal. The manuscript content belongs to the authors' idea, it is not the opinion of the journal's committee and not the responsibility of Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi
References
APHA. (2005). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, (21st ed.). Washington DC, USA: American Public Health Association.
Andrés-Costa, M. J., Carmona, E., & Picó, Y. (2016). Universal method to determine acidic licit and illicit drugs and personal care products in water by liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight. Methods X, 3, 307-314.
Ba, S., Jones, J. P., & Cabana, H. (2014). Hybrid bioreactor (HBR) of hollow fiber microfilter membrane and cross-linked laccase aggregates eliminate aromatic pharmaceuticals in wastewaters. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 280, 662-670.
Barnes, K. B., Steward, J., Thwaite, J. E., Lever, M. S., Davies, C. H., Armstrong, S. J., Laws, T. R., Roughley, N., Harding, S. V., Atkins, T. P., Simpson, A. J. H., & Atkins, H. S. (2013). Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) prophylaxis is effective against acute murine inhalational melioidosis and glanders. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 41, 552-557.
Barreto, A., Luis, L. G., Paíga, P., Santos, L. H. M. L. M., Delerue-Matos, C., Soares, A. M. V. M., Hylland, K., Loureiro, S., & Oliveira, M. (2018). A multibiomarker approach highlights effects induced by the human pharmaceutical gemfibrozil to gilthead seabream Sparus aurata. Aquatic Toxicology, 200, 266-274.
Batt, A. L., Kim, S., & Aga, D. S. (2006). Enhanced biodegradation of iopromide and trimethoprim in nitrifying activated sludge. Science of the Total Environment, 40, 7367-7373.
Boonyaroj, V., Chiemchaisri, C., Chiemchaisri, W., & Yamamoto, K. (2017). Enhanced biodegradation of phenolic compounds in landfill leachate by enriched nitrifying membrane bioreactor sludge. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 323, 311-318.
Choksuchart Sridang, P., Lobos, J., & Kaiman, C. (2012). Effect of the sludge recirculation rate on the performances of a two-stage anoxicsubmerged membrane bioreactor (A-SMBR) for the treatment of seafood wastewater. The Journal of Industrial Technology, 8(3), 28-39.
de Paula, F. C., de Pietro, A. C., & Cass, Q. B. (2008). Simultaneous quantification of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in whole egg samples by column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography using restricted access media column for on-line sample clean-up. Journal of Chromatography A, 1189, 221-226.
Ganiyu, S. O., van Hullebusch, E. D., Cretin, M., Esposito, G., & Oturan, M. A. (2015). Coupling of membrane filtration and advanced oxidation processes for removal of pharmaceutical residues: a critical review. Separation and Purification Technology, 156, 891-914.
Huang, J., Cheng, W., Shi, Y., Zeng, G., Yu, H., Gu, Y., Shi, L., & Yi, K. (2018). Honeycomb-like carbon nitride through supramolecular preorganization of monomers for high photocatalytic performance under visible light irradiation. Chemosphere, 211, 324-334.
Huerta, B., Rodriguez-Mozaz, S., Nannou, C., Nakis, L., Ruhí, A., Acuña, V., Sabater, S., & Barceló, D. (2016). Determination of a broad spectrum of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors in biofilm from a waste water treatment plant-impacted river. Science of the Total Environment, 540, 241-249.
Fang, Y., Karnjanapiboonwong, A., Chase, D. A., Wang, J., Morse, A. N., & Anderson, T. A. (2012). Occurrence, fate, and persistence of gemfibrozil in water and soil. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 31, 550-555.
Khan, G. A., Berglund, B., Khan, K. M., Lindgren, P. E., & Fick, J. (2013). Occurrence and abundance of antibiotics and resistance genes in rivers, canal and near drug formulation facilities: a study in Pakistan. PLoS One. 8, e62712.
Kim, M., Guerra, P., Shah, A., Parsa, M., Alaee, M., & Smyth, S. A. (2014). Removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in a membrane bioreactor wastewater treatment plant. Water Science & Technology, 69(11), 2221-2229.
Kimura, K., Hara, H., & Watanabe, Y. (2007). Elimination of selected acidic pharmaceuticals from municipal wastewater by an activated sludge system and membrane bioreactors. Environmental Science & Technology, 41(10), 3708-3714.
Kjeldal, H., Zhou, N. A., Wissenbach, D. K., von Bergen, M., Gough, H. L., & Nielsen, J. L. (2016). Genomic, Proteomic, and Metabolite Characterization of Gemfibrozil-Degrading Organism Bacillus sp. GeD10. Environmental Science & Technology, 50(2), 744-755.
Li, C., Cabassud, C., & Guigui, C. (2015a). Effects of carbamazepine in peak injection on fouling propensity of activated sludge from a MBR treating municipal wastewater. Journal of Membrane Science, 475, 122-130.
Li, C., Cabassud, C., Guigui, C. (2015b). Evaluation of membrane bioreactor on removal of pharmaceutical micropollutants: a review. Journal of Desalination and Water Treatment, 55(4), 845-858.
Luo, X., Zheng, Z., Greaves, J., Cooper, W. J., & Song, W. (2012). Trimethoprim: kinetics and mechanistic considerations in photochemical environmental fate and AOP treatment. Water Research, 46, 1327-1336.
Nguyen, L. N., Hai, F. I., Kang, J., Price, W. E., & Nghiem, L. D. (2013). Removal of emerging trace organic contaminants by MBR-based hybrid treatment processes. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 85, 474-482.
Nguyen Dang Giang, C., Sebesvari, Z., Renaud, F., Rosendahl, I., Hoang Minh, Q., & Amelung, W. (2015). Occurrence and dissipation of the antibiotics sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine, trimethoprim, and enrofloxacin in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. PLoS One. 10(7), e0131855.
Oros-Ruiz, S., Zanella, R., & Prado, B. (2013). Photocatalytic degradation of trimethoprim by metallic nanoparticles supported on TiO2-P25. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 263P, 28-35.
Osorio, V., Larrañaga, A., Aceña, J., Pérez, S., & Barceló, D. (2016). Concentration and risk of pharmaceuticals in freshwater systems are related to the population density and the livestock units in Iberian Rivers. Science of the Total Environment, 540, 267-277.
Patrolecco, L., Capri, S., & Ademollo, N. (2015). Occurrence of selected pharmaceuticals in the principal sewage treatment plants in Rome (Italy) and in the receiving surface waters. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22, 5864-5876.
Pérez, S., Eichhorn, P., & Aga, D. S. (2005). Evaluating the biodegradability of sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfathiazole, and trimethoprim at different stages of sewage treatment. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 24, 1361-1367.
Phan, H. V., Hai, F. I., Kang, J., Dam, H. K., Zhang, R., Price, W. E., Broeckmann, A., & Nghiem, L. D. (2014). Simultaneous nitrification/denitrification and trace organic contaminant (TrOC) removal by an anoxic-aerobic membrane bioreactor (MBR). Bioresource Technology, 165, 96-104.
Prasertkulsak, S., Chiemchaisri, C., Chiemchaisri, W., Itonaga, T., & Yamamoto, K. (2016). Removals of pharmaceutical compounds from hospital wastewater in membrane bioreactor operated under short hydraulic retention time. Chemosphere. 150, 624-631.
Shi, Y., Huang, J., Zeng, G., Gu, Y., Hu, Y., Tang, B., Zhou, J., Yang, Y., & Shi, L. (2018). Evaluation of soluble microbial products (SMP) on membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) at the fractional and overall level: a review. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 17(1), 71-85.
Siemens, J., Huschek, G., Siebe, C., & Kaupenjohann, M. (2008). Concentrations and mobility of human pharmaceuticals in the world's largest wastewater irrigation system Mexico City-Mezquital Valley. Water Research, 42, 2124-2134.
Sipma, J., Osuna, B., Collado, N., Monclús, H., Ferrero, G., Comas, J., & Rodriguez, R. I. (2010). Comparison of removal of pharmaceuticals in MBR and activated sludge systems. Desalination, 250, 653-659.
Tadkaew, N., Sivakumar, M., Khan, S. J., Mcdonal, J. A., & Nghiem, L. D. (2010). Effect of mixed liquor pH on the removal of trace organic contaminants in membrane bioreactor. Bioresource Technology, 101, 1494-1500.
Tadkaew, N., Hai, F. I., MaDonald, J. A., Khan, S. J., & Nghiem, L. D. (2011). Removal of trace organics by MBR treatment: the role of molecular properties. Water Research, 45, 2439-2451.
Tambosi, J. L., Sena, R. F., Favier, M., Gebhardt, W., Jose, H. J., Schröder, H. F., & Moreira, R. F. P. M. (2010). Removal of pharmaceutical compounds in membrane bioreactors (MBR) applying submerged membranes. Desalination, 261, 148-156.
Tiranuntakul, M. (2012). Biological characteristics of Bangkok domestic wastewater treatment using a pilot scale membrane bioreactor. Research and development journal, 23(2), 54-59.
Tiwari, B., Sellamuthu, B., Ouarda ,Y., Drogui, P., Tyagi, R. D., & Buelna, G. (2017). Review on fate and mechanism of removal of pharmaceutical pollutants from wastewater using biological approach. Bioresource Technology, 224, 1-12.
Tlili, I., Caria, G., Ouddane, B., Ghorbel-Abid, I., Ternane, R., Trabelsi-Ayadi, M., & Net, S. (2016). Simultaneous detection of antibiotics and other drug residues in the dissolved and particulate phases of water by an off-line SPE combined with on-line SPE-LC-MS/MS: method development and application. Science of the Total Environment, 563-564, 424-433.
Verlicchi, P., Galletti, A., Petrovic, M., & Barceló, D. (2010). Hospital effluents as a source of emerging pollutants: an overview of micropollutants and sustainable treatment options. Journal of Hydrology, 389, 416-28.
Wang J., & Wang, S. (2016). Removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) from wastewater: A review. Journal of Environmental Management, 182, 620-640.
Wang, S., & Wang, H. (2015). Adsorption behavior of antibiotic in soil environment: a critical review. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, 9, 565-574.
Zhao, J. L., Ying, G. G., Liu, Y. S., Chen, F., Yang, J. F., Wang, L., Yang, X. B., Stauber, J. L., & Warne, M. S. J. (2010). Occurrence and a screening-level risk assessment of human pharmaceuticals in the pearl river system, South China. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 29(6), 1377-1384.
Andrés-Costa, M. J., Carmona, E., & Picó, Y. (2016). Universal method to determine acidic licit and illicit drugs and personal care products in water by liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight. Methods X, 3, 307-314.
Ba, S., Jones, J. P., & Cabana, H. (2014). Hybrid bioreactor (HBR) of hollow fiber microfilter membrane and cross-linked laccase aggregates eliminate aromatic pharmaceuticals in wastewaters. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 280, 662-670.
Barnes, K. B., Steward, J., Thwaite, J. E., Lever, M. S., Davies, C. H., Armstrong, S. J., Laws, T. R., Roughley, N., Harding, S. V., Atkins, T. P., Simpson, A. J. H., & Atkins, H. S. (2013). Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) prophylaxis is effective against acute murine inhalational melioidosis and glanders. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 41, 552-557.
Barreto, A., Luis, L. G., Paíga, P., Santos, L. H. M. L. M., Delerue-Matos, C., Soares, A. M. V. M., Hylland, K., Loureiro, S., & Oliveira, M. (2018). A multibiomarker approach highlights effects induced by the human pharmaceutical gemfibrozil to gilthead seabream Sparus aurata. Aquatic Toxicology, 200, 266-274.
Batt, A. L., Kim, S., & Aga, D. S. (2006). Enhanced biodegradation of iopromide and trimethoprim in nitrifying activated sludge. Science of the Total Environment, 40, 7367-7373.
Boonyaroj, V., Chiemchaisri, C., Chiemchaisri, W., & Yamamoto, K. (2017). Enhanced biodegradation of phenolic compounds in landfill leachate by enriched nitrifying membrane bioreactor sludge. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 323, 311-318.
Choksuchart Sridang, P., Lobos, J., & Kaiman, C. (2012). Effect of the sludge recirculation rate on the performances of a two-stage anoxicsubmerged membrane bioreactor (A-SMBR) for the treatment of seafood wastewater. The Journal of Industrial Technology, 8(3), 28-39.
de Paula, F. C., de Pietro, A. C., & Cass, Q. B. (2008). Simultaneous quantification of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in whole egg samples by column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography using restricted access media column for on-line sample clean-up. Journal of Chromatography A, 1189, 221-226.
Ganiyu, S. O., van Hullebusch, E. D., Cretin, M., Esposito, G., & Oturan, M. A. (2015). Coupling of membrane filtration and advanced oxidation processes for removal of pharmaceutical residues: a critical review. Separation and Purification Technology, 156, 891-914.
Huang, J., Cheng, W., Shi, Y., Zeng, G., Yu, H., Gu, Y., Shi, L., & Yi, K. (2018). Honeycomb-like carbon nitride through supramolecular preorganization of monomers for high photocatalytic performance under visible light irradiation. Chemosphere, 211, 324-334.
Huerta, B., Rodriguez-Mozaz, S., Nannou, C., Nakis, L., Ruhí, A., Acuña, V., Sabater, S., & Barceló, D. (2016). Determination of a broad spectrum of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors in biofilm from a waste water treatment plant-impacted river. Science of the Total Environment, 540, 241-249.
Fang, Y., Karnjanapiboonwong, A., Chase, D. A., Wang, J., Morse, A. N., & Anderson, T. A. (2012). Occurrence, fate, and persistence of gemfibrozil in water and soil. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 31, 550-555.
Khan, G. A., Berglund, B., Khan, K. M., Lindgren, P. E., & Fick, J. (2013). Occurrence and abundance of antibiotics and resistance genes in rivers, canal and near drug formulation facilities: a study in Pakistan. PLoS One. 8, e62712.
Kim, M., Guerra, P., Shah, A., Parsa, M., Alaee, M., & Smyth, S. A. (2014). Removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in a membrane bioreactor wastewater treatment plant. Water Science & Technology, 69(11), 2221-2229.
Kimura, K., Hara, H., & Watanabe, Y. (2007). Elimination of selected acidic pharmaceuticals from municipal wastewater by an activated sludge system and membrane bioreactors. Environmental Science & Technology, 41(10), 3708-3714.
Kjeldal, H., Zhou, N. A., Wissenbach, D. K., von Bergen, M., Gough, H. L., & Nielsen, J. L. (2016). Genomic, Proteomic, and Metabolite Characterization of Gemfibrozil-Degrading Organism Bacillus sp. GeD10. Environmental Science & Technology, 50(2), 744-755.
Li, C., Cabassud, C., & Guigui, C. (2015a). Effects of carbamazepine in peak injection on fouling propensity of activated sludge from a MBR treating municipal wastewater. Journal of Membrane Science, 475, 122-130.
Li, C., Cabassud, C., Guigui, C. (2015b). Evaluation of membrane bioreactor on removal of pharmaceutical micropollutants: a review. Journal of Desalination and Water Treatment, 55(4), 845-858.
Luo, X., Zheng, Z., Greaves, J., Cooper, W. J., & Song, W. (2012). Trimethoprim: kinetics and mechanistic considerations in photochemical environmental fate and AOP treatment. Water Research, 46, 1327-1336.
Nguyen, L. N., Hai, F. I., Kang, J., Price, W. E., & Nghiem, L. D. (2013). Removal of emerging trace organic contaminants by MBR-based hybrid treatment processes. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 85, 474-482.
Nguyen Dang Giang, C., Sebesvari, Z., Renaud, F., Rosendahl, I., Hoang Minh, Q., & Amelung, W. (2015). Occurrence and dissipation of the antibiotics sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine, trimethoprim, and enrofloxacin in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. PLoS One. 10(7), e0131855.
Oros-Ruiz, S., Zanella, R., & Prado, B. (2013). Photocatalytic degradation of trimethoprim by metallic nanoparticles supported on TiO2-P25. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 263P, 28-35.
Osorio, V., Larrañaga, A., Aceña, J., Pérez, S., & Barceló, D. (2016). Concentration and risk of pharmaceuticals in freshwater systems are related to the population density and the livestock units in Iberian Rivers. Science of the Total Environment, 540, 267-277.
Patrolecco, L., Capri, S., & Ademollo, N. (2015). Occurrence of selected pharmaceuticals in the principal sewage treatment plants in Rome (Italy) and in the receiving surface waters. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22, 5864-5876.
Pérez, S., Eichhorn, P., & Aga, D. S. (2005). Evaluating the biodegradability of sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfathiazole, and trimethoprim at different stages of sewage treatment. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 24, 1361-1367.
Phan, H. V., Hai, F. I., Kang, J., Dam, H. K., Zhang, R., Price, W. E., Broeckmann, A., & Nghiem, L. D. (2014). Simultaneous nitrification/denitrification and trace organic contaminant (TrOC) removal by an anoxic-aerobic membrane bioreactor (MBR). Bioresource Technology, 165, 96-104.
Prasertkulsak, S., Chiemchaisri, C., Chiemchaisri, W., Itonaga, T., & Yamamoto, K. (2016). Removals of pharmaceutical compounds from hospital wastewater in membrane bioreactor operated under short hydraulic retention time. Chemosphere. 150, 624-631.
Shi, Y., Huang, J., Zeng, G., Gu, Y., Hu, Y., Tang, B., Zhou, J., Yang, Y., & Shi, L. (2018). Evaluation of soluble microbial products (SMP) on membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) at the fractional and overall level: a review. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 17(1), 71-85.
Siemens, J., Huschek, G., Siebe, C., & Kaupenjohann, M. (2008). Concentrations and mobility of human pharmaceuticals in the world's largest wastewater irrigation system Mexico City-Mezquital Valley. Water Research, 42, 2124-2134.
Sipma, J., Osuna, B., Collado, N., Monclús, H., Ferrero, G., Comas, J., & Rodriguez, R. I. (2010). Comparison of removal of pharmaceuticals in MBR and activated sludge systems. Desalination, 250, 653-659.
Tadkaew, N., Sivakumar, M., Khan, S. J., Mcdonal, J. A., & Nghiem, L. D. (2010). Effect of mixed liquor pH on the removal of trace organic contaminants in membrane bioreactor. Bioresource Technology, 101, 1494-1500.
Tadkaew, N., Hai, F. I., MaDonald, J. A., Khan, S. J., & Nghiem, L. D. (2011). Removal of trace organics by MBR treatment: the role of molecular properties. Water Research, 45, 2439-2451.
Tambosi, J. L., Sena, R. F., Favier, M., Gebhardt, W., Jose, H. J., Schröder, H. F., & Moreira, R. F. P. M. (2010). Removal of pharmaceutical compounds in membrane bioreactors (MBR) applying submerged membranes. Desalination, 261, 148-156.
Tiranuntakul, M. (2012). Biological characteristics of Bangkok domestic wastewater treatment using a pilot scale membrane bioreactor. Research and development journal, 23(2), 54-59.
Tiwari, B., Sellamuthu, B., Ouarda ,Y., Drogui, P., Tyagi, R. D., & Buelna, G. (2017). Review on fate and mechanism of removal of pharmaceutical pollutants from wastewater using biological approach. Bioresource Technology, 224, 1-12.
Tlili, I., Caria, G., Ouddane, B., Ghorbel-Abid, I., Ternane, R., Trabelsi-Ayadi, M., & Net, S. (2016). Simultaneous detection of antibiotics and other drug residues in the dissolved and particulate phases of water by an off-line SPE combined with on-line SPE-LC-MS/MS: method development and application. Science of the Total Environment, 563-564, 424-433.
Verlicchi, P., Galletti, A., Petrovic, M., & Barceló, D. (2010). Hospital effluents as a source of emerging pollutants: an overview of micropollutants and sustainable treatment options. Journal of Hydrology, 389, 416-28.
Wang J., & Wang, S. (2016). Removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) from wastewater: A review. Journal of Environmental Management, 182, 620-640.
Wang, S., & Wang, H. (2015). Adsorption behavior of antibiotic in soil environment: a critical review. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, 9, 565-574.
Zhao, J. L., Ying, G. G., Liu, Y. S., Chen, F., Yang, J. F., Wang, L., Yang, X. B., Stauber, J. L., & Warne, M. S. J. (2010). Occurrence and a screening-level risk assessment of human pharmaceuticals in the pearl river system, South China. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 29(6), 1377-1384.