Study of the repellent efficacy against Aedes aegypti L. of crude extracts from Zanthoxylum limonella Alston., Jasminum sambac Ait., Azadirachta excelsa (Jack) Jacobs., Citrus hystrix DC. and Ocimum basilicum L.
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Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the crude extracts from Zanthoxylum limonella Alston. (seed), Jasminum sambac Ait. (flower), Azadirachta excelsa (Jack) Jacobs. (seed), Citrus hystrix DC. (peel) and Ocimum basilicum L. (leaves) in repellency against Aedes aegypti (L.). These five herbs were extracted by Soxhlet extraction and maceration methods using distilled water and 95% ethanol as solvents. The repellent efficacy of the studied crude extracts were compared with DEET at concentration of 15×104 ppm. The results were showed that the highest percentages of mosquito repellent activity in the study was Z. limonella seed extracted at the concentration of 10×104 ppm with Soxhlet extraction using ethanol as solvent, resulting in mosquito repellent activity of 86.04%, followed by the extracts from A. excelsa, C. hystrix, O. basilicum and J. sambac, showing the mosquito repellent activity of 79.11, 68.87, 65.15 and 62.77%, respectively. The crude extracts were applied to produce mosquito repellent lotion, and the lotion was tested by the human volunteers and found that could prevent mosquitoes bites for 60 min.
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