Functionality-based similarities for uncovering relationships between drugs and diseases
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Abstract
Drug repositioning is a process of discovering new indication for existing drugs. The similarities based on drug- and disease-associated proteins can be used to reveal the relationships between drugs and diseases, between two drugs, or between two diseases for drug repositioning. Due to a lack of complete data about drug- and disease-associated proteins, this strategy could be directly affected by the limited number of proteins under consideration. To overcome this limitation, more extensive information about drugs and diseases such as gene ontology terms, functional annotations of genes and gene products, could be used. Herein, we provided a comprehensive exploration of using functionality-based similarities to uncover the relationships among drugs and diseases. After comparing seven different similarity indices, it is found that the derived Jaccard index was the most suitable one for computing functionality-based similarity scores. The predictions of drug-disease, drug-drug, and disease-disease associations for drug repositioning were significantly improved with an accuracy of 89%, 67%, and 83%, respectively, by utilizing functionality-based similarities. The case studies showed that our approach can identify the drug-disease associations that have been under investigation such as those between tolcapone and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and between nicorandil and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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References
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