Development and evaluation of a fast dissolving effervescent microneedles patch for transdermal application
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Abstract
The limitation of dissolving microneedles is the lengthy period of time to completely dissolve into the skin, so fast dissolving effervescent microneedles (Ef-MNs) have been developed. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the Ef-MNs as a device for transdermal application. The Ef-MNs were fabricated by a nonaqueous micromolding technique using poly (methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid) copolymers (GA), sodium bicarbonate, and various organic acids (citric acid, ascorbic acid, tartaric acid). The physical properties of the Ef-MNs were determined. The penetration depth was tested on neonatal porcine skin. The moisture determination of the Ef-MNs was investigated. For the results, all the formulations showed conical microneedles with 675.26 μm-height and 391.21 μm-width. In the mechanical strength, the Ef-MNs fabricated from ascorbic acid had a significantly higher resistance force than the others. As a result, all the Ef-MNs could be completely inserted into the skin. The dissolution study showed that the Ef-MNs fabricated from ascorbic acid were completely dissolved within 15 minutes and provided an appropriate moisture uptake and content. In conclusion, the optimal Ef-MNs were fabricated from 30% w/w of GA, 5% w/w of sodium bicarbonate, 5% w/w of ascorbic acid, and 60% w/w of ethanol, thus indicating an appropriate device for transdermal application.
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