การเปลี่ยนแปลงทางสัณฐานและสรีรวิทยาภายใต้สภาวะร่มเงาและตำแหน่งคู่ใบของใบกาแฟโรบัสต้า
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Abstract
Abstract
The vegetative growth of Robusta coffee plants in a mixed-fruit tree orchard is affected by multiple environmental factors. Moreover, it is directly dependent on the capacity to acclimatize to the abiotic stress conditions. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of light conditions on the characteristics of the leaves of Robusta coffee plants, which were subjected to two different conditions of light. Sampling and measurements were collected in the youngest fully expanded leaves of lateral branches. Pairs of leaves were selected based on the leaf positions (1st, 3rd and 5th nodes). Results showed that Robusta coffee leaves from trees grown in the shade had lower values for specific leaf weight, stomata size, photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency (WUE) than leaves from trees grown in full-sun light. Moreover, there were significant differences between the leaf positions. Leaves that developed at the 3rd and 5th nodes were larger in structure (leaf area, specific leaf area and specific leaf weight) than leaves developed at the 1st node. Besides this, the highest stomatal size (stomatal length and stomatal width) and physiological responses (photosynthetic rate and WUE) were observed in the leaves exposed to full sun conditions with developed at the 3rd and 5th nodes. This study demonstrates that light conditions and leaf positions have a positive effect on the morpho-physiological characteristics of Robusta coffee leaves. As a result, these findings could be applied to a suitable habitat for canopy manipulation of Robusta coffee, especially in a mixed-fruit tree orchard grown in the region of southern Thailand.
Keywords: light intensity; physiological response; phenotypic adaptation; canopy manipulation; mixed orchard
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