Effect of Plant Growth Regulators and Light Quality on Protocorm Development of Cymbidium mastersii Griff. Ex Lindl. under in vitro Culture

Main Article Content

Boworn Kunakhonnuruk
Manussanun Onkong
Anupan Kongbangkerd

Abstract

Protocorms of Cymbidium mastersii Griff. ex Lindl. were cultured on semi solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium added with cytokinins including BA, kinetin, TDZ or auxins including IBA, IAA, NAA, and 2,4-D at 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/L for 12 weeks of culture. The results found that a culture medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L TDZ could promote new shoot buds and new shoots higher than other cytokinins (11.7 shoot buds and 8.9 shoots). At the same time, the culture medium added with IBA at 0.5 mg/L or IAA 1.0 mg/L gave higher new protocorms than other auxins (11.1 and 9.4 protocorms/explant respectively). Furthermore, protocorm cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L TDZ under LED warm white could provide the highest protocorm and shoot bud formation (9.5 protocorm/explant and 1.8 shoot buds/explant). Nevertheless, the highest number of shoots was found under LED warm-white (4.2 shoots per explant).

Article Details

Section
Biological Sciences

References

The Botanical Garden Organization Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, 2021, Thailand orchid Paying homage to the Queen Mother, Chiangmai Documentary Design Company Limited, Chiangmai, 320 p.

Kaewthongprakum, P., Tangtragoon, T., Sutigoolabud, P. and Kanpington, A., 2019, Environmental factors affecting the growth of Anoectochilus burmanicus Rolfe, Ban Pong Krai, Pong Yang Sub District, Mae Rim District, Chiang Mai Province, RMUTSV Res. J. 11(1): 181-196.(in Thai)

Suwannarach, N., Kumla, J., Rachanarin, C. and Srimuang, K.O., 2021, In vitro symbiotic seed germination of Epipactis flava (Orchidaceae) promoted by endophytic fungus, Tulasnella phuhinrongklaensis, Chiang Mai J. Sci. 48: 787-792.

Kunakhonnuruk, B., Inthima, P. and Kongbangkerd, A., 2018, In vitro propagation of Epipactis flava Seidenf., an endangered rheophytic orchid: a first study on factors affecting asymbiotic seed germination, seedling development and greenhouse acclimatization, PCTOC, 135(3):419-432.

Kunakhonnuruk, B., Inthima, P. and Kongbangkerd, A., 2019, In vitro propagation of rheophytic orchid, Epipactis flava Seidenf.—A comparison of semi-solid, continuous immersion and temporary immersion systems, Biology 8(4): 72.

Mayo-Mosqueda, A., Maceda-López, L.F., Andrade-Canto, S.B., Noguera-Savelli, E., Caamal-Velázquez, H., Cano-Sosa, J.D.S. and Alatorre-Cobos, F., 2020, Efficient protocol for in vitro propagation of Laelia rubescens Lindl. from asymbiotic seed germination, S. Afr. J. Bot. 133: 264-272.

Linjikao, J., Kunakhonnuruk, B., Inthima, P. and Kongbangkerd, A., 2021, Effects of media strength and mannitol concentration of growth and development of Vandopsis lissochiloides Planlets, Plant Cell Biotechnol. Mol. Biol. 22(9-10): 34-45.

Calevo, J., Copetta, A., Marchioni, I., Bazzicalupo, M., Pianta, M., Shirmohammadi, N., Cornara, L. and Giovannini, A., 2022, The use of a new culture medium and organic supplement to improve in vitro early stage development of five orchid species, Plant Biosystems, 156(1):143-151.

Vendrame, W.A., Xu, J. and Beleski, D., 2022, Evaluation of the effects of culture media and light sources on in vitro growth of Brassavola nodosa (L.) Lindl. Hybrid, Horticulturae, 8(5): 450.

Aung, W.T., Bang, K.S., Yoon, S.A., Ko, B. and Bae, J.H., 2022, Effects of different natural extracts and plant growth regulators on plant regeneration and callus induction from pseudobulbs explants through in vitro seed germination of endangered orchid Bulbophyllum auricomum Lindl., J. Bio-Env. Con. 31(2): 133-141.

Saravia-Castillo, G., Tapia y Figueroa, L. and Borjas-Ventura, R., 2022, Auxins and cytokinins elicit a differentiated response

in the formation of shoots and roots in Cattleya maxima Lindl. and Phalaenopsis amabilis (L) Blume., Sci. Agropecu.13(1): 63-69.

Schulze, P.S., Pereira, H.G., Santos, T.F., Schueler, L., Guerra, R., Barreira, L.A. ... and Varela, J.C., 2016, Effect of light quality supplied by light emitting diodes (LEDs) on growth and biochemical profiles of Nannochloropsis oculata and Tetraselmis chuii, Algal Res. 16: 387-398.

Genkov, T. and Ivanova, I., 1995, Effect of cytokinin active phenylurea derivatives on shoot multiplication, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities of in vitro cultured carnation, Bulg. J. Plant Physiol.21: 73-83.

Asghar, S., Ahmad, T., Hafiz, I.A. and Yaseen, M., 2011, In vitro propagation of orchid (Dendrobium nobile) var. Emma white, Afr. J. Biotechnol. 10(16): 3097-3103.

Mohanty, P., Paul, S., Das, M. C., Kumaria, S. and Tandon, P., 2012, A simple and efficient protocol for the mass propagation of Cymbidium mastersii: an ornamental orchid of Northeast India, AoB plants 1-8.

Sherif, N.A., Franklin Benjamin, J.H., Senthil Kumar, T. and Rao, M.V., 2018, Somatic embryogenesis, acclimatization and genetic homogeneity assessment of regenerated plantlets of Anoectochilus elatus Lindl., an endangered terrestrial jewel orchid, PCTOC, 132(2): 303-316.

Roy, A.R., Sajeev, S., Pattanayak, A. and Deka, B.C., 2012, TDZ induced micropropagation in Cymbidium giganteum Wall.

Ex Lindl. and assessment of genetic variation in the regenerated plants, Plant Growth Regul. 68: 435–445.

Kim, Y.K., Kwak, M.H., Hong, J.R., Kim, H.W., Jo, S., Sohn, J.Y., Cheon, S.H. and Kim, K.J., 2017, The complete plastome

sequence of the endangered orchid Habenaria radiata (Orchidaceae), Mitochondrial DNA B: Resour. 2: 704–706.

Kim, D.H., Kang, K.W., Enkhtaivan, G., Jan, U. and Sivanesan, I., 2019, Impact of activated charcoal, culture medium strength and thidiazuron on non-symbiotic in vitro seed germination of Pecteilis radiata (Thunb.) Raf., S. Afr. J. Bot. 124:144-150.

Vogel, I.N. and Macedo, A.F., 2011, Influence of IAA, TDZ, and light quality on asymbiotic germination, protocorm formation, and plantlet development of Cyrtopodium glutiniferum Raddi., a medicinal orchid, PCTOC, 104(2): 147-155.

Wattanawikkit, P., Bunn, E., Chayanarit, K. and Tantiwiwat, S., 2011, Effect of cytokinins (BAP and TDZ) and auxin (2,4-D) on

growth and development of Paphiopedilum callosum, Agric. Nat. Resour. 45(1):12-19.

Liu, C., Zhu, J., Liu, Z., Li, L., Pan, R. and Jin, L., 2002, Exogenous auxin effects on growth and phenotype of normal and hairy roots of Pueraria lobata (Wild.) Ohwi., Plant Growth Regul. 38: 37-43.

Lin, Y., Li, J., Li, B., He, T. and Chun, Z., 2011, Effects of light quality on growth and development of protocorm-like bodies of Dendrobium officinale in vitro, PCTOC, 105(3): 329-335.

Sotthikul, C., Kaewpoowat, C. and Saimoon, N., 2015, In vitro propagation of Habenaria hybrids. Acta Hortic. 1155:293-300.

Bello-Bello, J.J., Martínez-Estrada, E., Caamal-Velázquez, J.H. and Morales-Ramos, V., 2016, Effect of LED light quality on in vitro shoot proliferation and growth of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews), Afr. J. Biotechnol. 15(8): 272-277.

Edesi, J., Kotkas, K., Pirttilä, A.M. and Häggman, H., 2014, Does light spectral quality affect survival and regeneration of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) shoot tips after cryopreservation?, PCTOC,119(3): 599-607.

Waman, A.A., Bohra, P., Sathyanarayana, B.N., Umesha, K., Gowda, B. and Ashok, T.H., 2015, In vitro shoot multiplication and root induction in Silk banana variety Nanjana gud Rasabale as influenced by mono-chromatic light spectra, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. India Sect. B. Biol. Sci. 86: 577-584.

Khandaker, M.M., Saidi, A., Badaluddin, N.A., Yusoff, N., Majrashi, A., Alenazi, M.M., Mohd, K.S., 2022, Effects of Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) and rooting media on rooting and survival of air layered wax apple (Syzygium samarangense) CV Jambu Madu. Braz. J. Biol., 82: 1-13.

Latkowska, M.J., Kvaalen, H., Appelgren, M., 2000, Genotype dependent blue and red light inhibition of the proliferation of the embryogenic tissue of Norway spruce. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Plant, 36(1): 57-60.