Study of Phytochemicals, Antioxidant Activity, and Yield in Dioscorea spp.
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Abstract
The objective of this research was to study the phytochemicals, antioxidant effects, and productivity of local yams in Dioscorea sp. intending to use them to add value to local crops, create a healthy alternative food source, and develop food preparation strategies during food crises suitable for production in Nan province and northern Thailand. The experiment included 15 varieties of yams, including Jao yam, Rice yam, Luead yam, Sa yam, Yueak yam, Mee yam, Neb yam, Sang yam, Jaoprao yam, Aon yam, Heb yam, Klam yam, Lueang yam, Praoyao yam, and Wai yam. The experimental plan utilized a block design, with three repetitions conducted at the Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna Nan, Phupiang District, Nan Province, between April and December 2021. The results revealed that the 15 varieties of local yams exhibited statistically significant differences in yields. Luead yam and Klam yam tended to yield the maximum, with 7,284.0 and 6,974.8 kilograms per rai (1,600 square meters), respectively. Moreover, a positive correlation was observed between fresh yam weight, dried yam weight, and leaf area index. In term of phytochemicals and antioxidant effects, it was found that the doses of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and antioxidant effects measured by the DPPH and ABTS methods were statistically significant. The antioxidant effects of Klam yam extracts showed a positive correlation with the combined amounts of phenolic and flavonoid. Therefore, this research suggests that Klam yam has the potential to promote agriculturefor the cultivation of a healthy food alternative. Further research is needed to explore anthocyanin, hormones, corticosteroids, and diosgenin for additional benefits in other areas.
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