Fabrication and Characterization of Chitosan Derivative-Poly(vinyl alcohol) Blend Films for Food Packaging Applications
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Abstract
Currently, the development of sustainable bio-polymer materials is widely researched due to the issue of non-biodegradable petroleum-based plastic waste in the food packaging industries. In this study, active biodegradable packaging films were developed from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing positively charged derivative of chitosan, N-[(2-hydroxyl-3-trimethyl ammonium) propyl]chitosan chloride (HTCC). The structures of the PVA/HTCC films were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The effects of HTCC contents (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% w/w) on water absorption, mechanical properties, biodegradable, and antimicrobial behaviors against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) strains of the PVA/HTCC films were investigated. The results showed that water absorption of the PVA/HTCC films increased with increasing amounts of HTCC. Furthermore, the increasing in HTCC content resulted in decreased tensile strength, while elongation at break increase. Regarding the biodegradation process, it was found that increasing the content of HTCC tended to minimize the biodegradability of the films. The antimicrobial activity results showed that the pure PVA film had no antibacterial activity. However, the PVA/HTCC films exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, especially the film containing 40% (w/w) of HTCC. These results suggest that the PVA/HTCC films possess good mechanical properties, biodegradability, and antibacterial activity, making their application in the food packaging industry is promising.
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