Response of Cassava, Huay Bong 80 Variety, to Potassium Fertilizer in Warin Soil Series Amended with Cassava Tails and Stalk for 2 Consecutive Years
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out in coarse-textured Warin soil series amended with cassava tails and stalk (CTS) for 2-consecutive years, objectively to investigate the response of cassava, Huay Bong 80 variety to potassium (K) fertilizer. The experimental design was arranged in a split plot with four replications. The main plot consisted of the application of CTS at five rates, i.e., 0, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, and 25 t/ha while the subplot comprised two rates of K fertilizer, i.e., 0 and 100 kg K2O/ha. Cassava was harvested at 12 months of age. The results showed that the addition of CTS at the rate of 12.5 and 25 t/ha promoted the highest fresh tuber yield and starch yield in the 1st crop which significantly differed from the other treatments (P < 0.05) and tended to induce the highest ones in the 2nd crop but without statistical difference among treatments. Cassava highly significantly responded to 100 kg K2O/ha of K fertilizer (P < 0.01) when compared to no K fertilizer application in the context of fresh tuber yield, starch yield, and aboveground biomass (Stem base, stem, and leaf and branch) in both crops. However, the interaction between CTS and K fertilizer showed an unclear effect on growth and yield of cassava in both crops. Potassium fertilizer stimulated the uptake of major plant nutrients more clearly than CTS. Cassava took up K in the highest quantity followed by nitrogen whereas phosphorus was taken up in small amounts. Nitrogen was taken up the most in leaf and branch while phosphorus and K were taken up the most in the tuber. The result demonstrated that applying CTS at the rate of 12.5 and 25 t/ha as soil amendment can increase cassava yield but the application of K fertilizer at a recommended rate is still required.
Article Details
References
Anusontpornperm, S., S. Nortcliff and I. Kheoruenromne. 2009. Interpretability comparison between soil taxonomic and fertility capability classification units: a case of some major cassava soils in northeast, Thailand. Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 43(5): 9–18.
Bardsley, C.E. and J.D. Lancaster. 1965. Sulfur, pp. 1102–1116. In C.A. Black, ed. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part II. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. Agronomy No. 9. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Bray, R.A. and L.T. Kurtz. 1945. Determination of total organic and available forms of phosphorus in soil. Soil Sci. 59(1): 39–45.
Cadavid, L.F., M.A. El-Sharkawy, A. Acosta and T. Sánchez. 1998. Long-term effects of mulch, fertilization and tillage on cassava grown in sandy soils of northern Colombia. Field Crops Res. 57(1): 45–56.
Chaem-Ngern, C., S. Anusontpornperm, S. Thanachit and I. Kheoruenromne. 2020. Response of cassava, Huay Bong 80 variety, grown in an Ustic Quartzipsamment, to chicken manure and potassium fertilizer. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 51(22): 2765–2777.
Chapman, H.D. 1965. Cation exchange capacity, pp. 891–901. In C.A. Black, ed. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part II. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. Agronomy No. 9. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Day, D.R. 1965. Particle fraction and particle size analysis, pp. 546–566. In C.A. Black, ed. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part II. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. Agronomy No. 9. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Fixen, P.E. and J.H. Grove . 1990. Testing soils phosphorus, pp. 141–180. In R.L. Westerman, ed. Soil Testing and Plant Analysis. Soil Science Society of America, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Haby, V.A., M.P. Russelle and E.O. Skogley. 1990. Testing soils for potassium, calcium, and magnesium, pp. 181–227. In R.L. Westerman, ed. Soil Testing and Plant Analysis. Soil Science Society of America, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Howeler, R.H. 1998. Cassava agronomy research in Asia: an overview 1993–1996, pp. 355–375. In Proc. the 5th Regional Workshop: Cassava Breeding, Agronomy and Farmer Participatory Research in Asia, 3–8 November 1996.
Howeler, R.H. 2012. Recent trends in production and utilization of cassava in ASIA, pp. 1–22. In R.H. Howeler, ed. The Cassava Handbook: A Reference Manual based on the Asian Regional Cassava Training Course, Held in Thailand. Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Bangkok, Thailand.
Howeler, R.H. 2014. Sustainable Soil and Crop Management of Cassava in Asia: A Reference Manual. Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Cali, Columbia.
Imas, P. and K.S. John. 2013. Potassium nutrition of cassava. e-ifc No. 34. International Potash Institute, Zug, Switzerland.
Intawichai, Y., S. Anusontpornperm, I. Kheoruenromne, S. Thanachit and P. Petprapai. 2016. Response of cassava, Huay Bong 80 variety, to cassava tails and stalk, and soil inorganic amendments. Agricultural Sci. J. 47(3): 317–327. (in Thai)
International Fertilizer Association. 1992. IFA World Fertilizer Use Manual. International Fertilizer Industry Association, Paris, France.
Jackson, M.L. 1965. Soil Chemical Analysis: Advanced Course. Department of Soils, University of Wisconsin, USA.
Johnson, C.M. and A. Ulrich. 1959. Analytical methods for use in plant analysis. Calif. Agri. Exp. Stat. Bull. 766: 25–78.
Kabeerathumma, S., B. Mohankumar, C.R. Mohankumar, G.M. Nair, M. Prabhakar and N.G. Pillai. 1990. Long range effect of continuous cropping and manuring on cassava production and fertility status, pp. 259–269. In R.H. Howeler, ed. Proc. the 8th Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops, 30 October – 5 November 1988. Bangkok, Thailand.
Kilmer, V.J. and L.T. Alexander. 1949. Method of making mechanical analysis of soils. Soil Sci. 68: 15–24.
Kliaklom, O., S. Thanachit, S. Anusontpornperm, I. Kheoruenromne and L. Chainet. 2010. Properties of plough pan in cassava and sugarcane growing soils, Khon Kaen province. Khon Kaen Agr. J. 38(4): 313–324. (in Thai)
Lindsay, W.L. and D.C. Martens. 1990. Testing soils for copper, iron, manganese, and zinc, pp. 229–264. In R.L. Westerman, ed. Soil Testing and Plant Analysis. Soil Science Society of America, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Lindsay, W.L. and W.A. Norvell. 1978. Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese, and copper. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 42(3): 421–428.
Lunlio, P., S. Anusontpornperm, S. Thanachit and I. Kheoruenromne. 2017. The impacts of tillage, soil conditioners, and chemical fertilizer on yield of cassava in Yasothon soil series (Typic Paleustult), relationship between nutrient concentration and cassava yield components, and soil property. Khon Kaen Agr. J. 45(2): 373–382.
Meewassana, E., S. Anusontpornperm, I. Kheoruenromne and A. Suddhiprakarn. 2010. Characteristics of plough pan under cassava production areas in Nakhon Ratchasima province. Khon Kaen Agr. J. 38(3): 205–214. (in Thai)
Mia, M.A.B. 2015. Nutrition of Crop Plants. Nova Science Publishers, Inc., New York, USA. 197 pp.
Mitsuchi, M., P. Wichaidit and S. Jeungnijnirund. 1986. Outline of Soils of the Northeast Plateau, Thailand: Their Characteristics and Constraints. Agricultural Development Research Center in Northeast Thailand, Khon Kean, Thailand. 76 pp.
Nilnoree, T., S. Anusontpornperm, S. Thanachit, I. Kheoruenromne and P. Petprapai. 2016. Effect of chicken manure and organic wastes from cassava starch manufacturing plant on cassava grown on Dan Khun Thot soil. Khon Kaen Agr. J. 44(1): 167–178.
Office of Agricultural Economics. 2020. Cassava: cultivated area, harvested area, yield and yield per rai at national, regional, provincial and district levels in 2020. Available Source: https://www.oae.go.th/assets/portals/1/fileups/prcaidata/files/Cassava%2063%20District.pdf, Oct 2, 2021. (in Thai)
Phun-iam, M. 2018. Management of Major Plant Nutrients and Soil Organic Amendment in Cassava Crop Practice. PhD Thesis, Kasetsart University, Bangkok.
Phun-iam, M., S. Anusontpornperm, S. Thanachit and I. Kheoruenromne. 2018. Yield response of cassava Huay Bong 80 variety grown in an Oxyaquic Paleustult to cassava starch waste and nitrogen fertilizer. Agr. Nat. Resour. 52(6): 573–580.
Plengsuntia, P., S. Anusontpornperm, S. Thanachit and I. Kheoruenromne. 2012. Root yield and starch content of cassava as affected by different fertilizer formulas and chicken manure. In Proc. the 38th Congress on Science and Technology of Thailand (STT38), 17–19 October 2012. Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Pradit, P., S. Anusonpornperm, S. Thanachit and I. Kheoruenromne. 2017. Cumulative effect of tillage and soil conditioners on cassava grown in Warin soil series. Khon Kaen Agr. J. 45(2): 263–272. (in Thai)
Puengkasem, K., S. Anusontpornperm, S. Thanachit, I. Kheoruenromne and P. Petprapai. 2018. Effect of rice husk ash and potassium on soil properties and cassava, Huay Bong 80 variety, grown in Satuk soil series. Khon Kaen Agr. J. 46(5): 911–920. (in Thai)
Royal Irrigation Department. 2021. Data of rainfall in lower northeastern region. Available Source: http://hydro-4.rid.go.th/, July 12, 2021. (in Thai)
Ruenchan, P., S. Anusontpornperm, S. Thanachit and I. Kheoruenromne. 2018. Effect of rice husk ash and nitrogen on growth and yield of cassava, Huay Bong 80 variety, in Yasothon soil series, pp. 78–84. In Proc. the 44th Congress on Science and Technology of Thailand (STT44), 29–31 October 2018, Bangkok, Thailand.
Sittibusaya, C. 1996. Strategies of Developing Fertilizer Recommendations for Field Crops. Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, Thailand.
Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil Survey Manual. Handbook No.18 United States Department of Agriculture, United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., USA.
Sunsangjaroen, W., S. Anusontpornperm, S. Thanachit and I. Kheoruenromne. 2014. Modification of soil criteria for suitability assessment in cassava and sugarcane growing areas of northeast, Thailand. In Proc. the 40th Congress on Science and Technology of Thailand (STT40), 2–4 December 2014, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Thomas, G.W. 1996. Soil pH and soil acidity, pp. 475–490. In D.L. Spark, A.L. Page, P.A. Helmke, R.H. Loeppert, P.N. Soltanpour, M.A. Tabatabai, C.T. Johnston and M.E. Sumner, eds. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical Methods. Soil Science Society of America, Inc., American Society of Agronomy, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Uwah, D.F., E.B. Effa, L.E. Ekpenyong and I.E. Akpan. 2013. Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) performance as influenced by nitrogen and potassium fertilizers in Uyo, Nigeria. J. Anim. Plant Sci. 23(2): 550–555.
Vanlauwe, B., P. Pypers and N. Sanginga. 2008. The potential of integrated soil fertility management to improve the productivity of cassava-based systems. In Proc. the First Scientific Meeting of the Global Cassava Partnership. Cassava: Meeting of the Challenges of the New Millennium, 21–25 July 2008, Ghent, Belgium.
Walkley, A. and I.A. Black. 1934. An examination of Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci. 37: 29–38.