Correlation of Soil N-P-K Extractants with Growth and Yield Indices of Oil Palm Grown on Acid Sulfate Soils in the Central and East Regions of Thailand
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Abstract
Assessment of nutrient availability by suitable soil extractants with a high correlation with the growth and yield indices of oil palm is the key to precise nutrient management for oil palm plantations in acid sulfate soils. The aim of this study was to study the efficacy of standard soil extractants in assessing the availabilities of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium for the oil palm growing on acid sulfate soils. The experiment was conducted in six acid sulfate soils located on the Central and East Regions. The correlations between NPK available indices by seven soil extractants (i.e., 2 M KCl, Bray II, Mehlich I, Mehlich III, 1 M NH4OAc, AB-DTPA, and Na-lactate) and oil palm growth and yield indices were investigated. The results showed that the inorganic nitrogen contents extracted by different soil extractants was not correlated with the oil palm growth and yield indices, but total N content was highly significantly correlated
with the leaf area index of oil palm (P < 0.01), which was significantly correlated with vegetative dry matter (r = 0.517) and crop growth rate (r = 0.531) (P < 0.01). Phosphorus extracted by Bray II was significantly positively correlated with P content uptake per 17th frond dry matter, leaf area index (P < 0.05), fresh bunch yield, vegetative dry matter, and crop growth rate (P < 0.01). While potassium extracted by Mehlich I and Mehlich III were significantly positively correlated with leaf area (P < 0.01) which was significantly positively correlated with vegetative dry matter (P < 0.05) and leaf area index (P < 0.01). Therefore, total N, available P extracted by Bray II, and available K extracted by Mehlich I and Mehlich III can be used as availability indices of NPK in acid sulfate soils to further develop fertilizer prescription for oil palm grown in the Central and East Regions of Thailand.
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