Effect of Surface and Subsurface Automatic Drip Irrigation on Yield of Early Harvesting Cassava Grown in Late Rainy Season
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Abstract
Drip irrigation in cassava production could effectively increase growth, yield, and starch content. This resulted in reducing crop cycle and pest control costs. The objective was to study the effect of drip irrigation on dry weight accumulation and yield of cassava, which was planted in late rainy season and harvested at 8 months after planting (MAP). The experiment was conducted on 2 planting dates, at the beginning of late rainy season (LRS1) in October and at the end of late rainy season (LRS2) in December. The strip plot design with 4 replications was adopted. The vertical plots were subsurface drip irrigation (SDI), surface drip irrigation (DI),
and natural rainfed (RF). The drip irrigation was automated according to the soil moisture to maintain the soil moisture tension between -30 and -60 kPa. The horizontal plots were cassava varieties, KU50 and HB80. The results of LRS1 showed that at 8 months after planting, the SDI
resulted in significantly higher plant height than that of DI and RF treated cassava. In LRS2, the plant height of SDI and DI was statistically higher than that of RF (P < 0.01). The dry weight of stem, stump, and roots of SDI and DI were significantly higher than those of RF in both planting dates (P < 0.01). LRS2 demonstrated a higher yield than LRS1. Both irrigation methods provided
significantly higher yield and starch percentage than RF (P < 0.01) while the yield and starch percentage of KU50 and HB80 were not significantly different in both planting dates. SDI resulted in the highest economical yield and water use efficiency in early harvesting cassava planted in late rainy season.
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