Innovative IPM: A low-cost, small-sized single-board computer for effective rodent repellent using sound, light and vibration

Abstract

This research aimed to develop a prototype and evaluate the effectiveness of a multi-sensory rat repellent device that uses sound, light, and vibration, emphasizing the benefits of using a combined approach which yields better results than using any single repellent method. The device was developed using a small and low-cost Raspberry Pi and was tested for its effectiveness in reducing rat intrusion using One-Way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD statistical analysis, along with Pearson's correlation coefficient. It was found that the combination of sound, light, and vibration significantly reduced rat intrusion and crop damage compared to the use of any single method alone. The study results emphasized the importance of Integrated Pest Management (IPM), which supports the integration of various pest control methods. The combination of multi-sensory repellents aligns with IPM principles by creating more effective barriers to prevent rat adaptation and help reduce the risk of rats becoming habituated to repellents. The discovery of a positive relationship between device operation duration and rat intrusion frequency could indicate rat adaptation when exposed to repellents for extended periods, demonstrating the need for adaptable IPM strategies to maintain long-term effectiveness in rat control. This research supports the application of small-scale, low-cost innovations and pest control strategies for further development in IPM pest management technology, which aligns with the goals of sustainable agriculture and food security.