Utilization of Local Agricultural Wastes for the Production of Oyster Mushrooms (Pleurotus osteatus)
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Abstract
The management of local agricultural waste is important to reduce the impact on the environment and also encourage farmers to have more income. The objective of this research was to study the production of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus osteatus) by using 3 types of local agricultural waste as follows: rubber wood sawdust, rice straw, and sugarcane leaves as substrate materials. The experimental group was divided into 6 groups according to the mix ratio of the substrate material as follows: 1) rubber wood sawdust 100:0 (control group) 2) rice straw 100:0 3) sugarcane leaves 100:0 4) sugar cane leaves mixed with rice straw 75:25 5) sugar cane leaves mixed with rice straw 50:50 and 6) sugar cane leaves mixed with rice straw 25:75. All groups of substrate material added rice bran, gypsum plaster powder, lime and epsom salt at the ratio of 6, 2, 1 and 0.2 kg/100 kg of substrate material, packed in a 10×15 inch plastic bag, weighing 900 grams/bag. The results showed that the days of complete mycelium running in spawn in all experimental groups were not statistically different (p>0.05). The group of sugar cane leaves mixed with rice straw 75:25 had the highest average individual weight of the fruiting body at 5.89 grams, the highest stalk length at 6.42 cm. and the highest cap diameter at 6.18 cm. (p<0.05). In addition, the biological efficiency of the rubber wood sawdust 100:0 was the highest at 27.67%, followed by sugarcane leaves mixed with rice straw 75:25 and sugar cane leaves mixed with rice straw 50:50 at 19.44% and 19.89%, respectively. The nutritive value of the oyster mushroom found that the sugar cane leaves mixed with rice straw (50:50) had the highest dry matter, crude fiber and ash at 8.35%, 19.87% and 10.65%, respectively. Therefore, sugar cane leaves mixed with rice straw 75:25 result in size, weight and the perfection of the fruiting body meets the market demands. It is an interesting alternative agricultural waste to reduce the production cost of farmers.
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References
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