Non-Destructive Determination of Fresh Leaf Nitrogen Content in Dendrobium Sonia ‘Earsakul’ Using Multivariate Data Analysis of Visible Light Reflectance
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Abstract
Nitrogen is an important element needed for all stages of plant growth. Determining leaf nitrogen accumulation can be used as an indicator to identify plant health. The objectives of this study were to clarify the influence of time and frequency of fertilizer application on leaf nitrogen content in Dendrobium Sonia ‘Earsakul’ and to evaluate the amount of nitrogen content in the orchid leaves by measuring the color and reflectivity in visible light using multivariate analysis. This is a fast, low cost and easy-to-implement method. The completely randomized design involved five fertilizer application treatments i.e., 1) control treatment (spray only water) 2) fertilizer application in the morning once a week 3) fertilizer application in the morning twice a week 4) fertilizer application in the evening once a week and 5) fertilizer application in the evening twice a week, consecutively for nine months. All five treatments resulted in a sample population with differences in leaf nitrogen content in the range of 0.89-2.76% dry weight. The fertilizer application twice a week in the evening enhanced the maximum amount of leaf nitrogen content and the highest leaf greenness values. The best prediction model including the reflectance values range of 400-700 nm spectrum, corrected data by the Standard Normal Variate (SNV) method and combined with the L*, a*, b* gloss values, and the leaf greenness demonstrated a high prediction accuracy with the RP of 0.9000 and RMSEP of 0.1849% dry weight. The values are considered a high prediction and it is possible to apply for determination of leaf nitrogen contents without destroying the sample.
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