Effect of Forchlorfenuron and Boric Acid on Flower Bud Initiation of Table Grape
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Abstract
Grapes can grow well in all climates. However, after pruning, there is often a problem of non-simultaneous bud breakage. Therefore, hydrogen cyanamide is often used (the commercial bud-breaking agent). However, it is a substance that is dangerous to users and is highly toxic. Therefore, the effects of Forchlorfenuron (CPPU) and boron (boric acid) on the stimulation of flower bud break of grape ‘Gold Bailey A’ were investigated to compare with 2.5% of hydrogen cyanamide. The results showed that hydrogen cyanamide at 2.5 percent gave the highest bud break percentage of 30.0 percent, which was not significantly different from CPPU at 10 mg/L with bud break percentages of 16.6 percent. CPPU at 10 mg/L also gave the highest flower bud percentage of 10.6 percent without significant differences found when compared to hydrogen cyanide and boric acid at 1,000 mg/L (9 and 8.3 percent of flower bud percentages, respectively). For the fruit set, CPPU 10 mg/L showed the highest fruit set at 13.3 percent. CPPU 10 mg/L and boric acid 1,000 mg/L can be used as the stimulating substances for flower buds and replace toxic substances (hydrogen cyanamide) that are harmful to grape farmers. Furthermore, using CPPU and boric acid can reduce costs by up to 4.75percent (35.4 baht) and 4.7 percent (35.85 baht), respectively, when compared to using hydrogen cyanamide (per liter of water mixing rate).
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