Effect of Biochar on Soil Chemical-Biological Properties and Yield of Fresh Queen Tomato
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Abstract
Biochar is an important material that can improve soil quality and increase soil fertility. This research aimed to investigate the Influence of biochar on chemical and biological properties of soil and yield of fresh tomatoes for consumption. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 replications. Three treatments consisted of 1) soil 2) bamboo biochar and 3) rice husk biochar. From the results, it was found that of bamboo biochar and rice husk biochar were amount of available phosphorus (36.77 mg kg-1) and exchangeable potassium (189.33 mg kg-1) increased compared to the soil only treatment, because properties of biochar have porosity and cation exchange capacity effect to an increase in the amount of nutrients. During the tomatoes for 30 days, rice husk biochar has affected to increase carbon emissions corresponds has the most of microbial biomass carbon. In addition, rice husk biochar also results in enzymatic activity is phenol oxidase and peroxidase (1.78, 0.43 µmol dicg/g soil/h, respectively) also increased, but it was found that bamboo biochar resulted in the activity of B-glucosidase (16.54 µg PNG/g soil/h). As for bamboo biochar, it results in the number of average fruits per plant (62.02 fruit per plant), average weight per plant (393.02 grams per plant) and the number of total soluble solids (7.43 °Brix) being higher than other treatment during of tomatoes 30 days after transplanting. Therefore, it can be concluded that both types of biochar affect the soil chemical and biological properties. This causes the number of fruits, weight, and total soluble solids of tomatoes to increase.
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