Effectiveness of Fermented Bio-extracts on Growth and Yield of Pathum Thani 1 Rice
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Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effects of different concentrations of fermented bio-extracts on the growth and yield of Pathum Thani 1 rice variety. The experiment was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. Treatments included four concentrations of fertilizer: 0 mL (control), 1 mL, 1.5 mL, and 2 mL per 1,000 mL of water, applied by foliar spraying at 30, 50, and 70 days after transplanting. Data were collected on plant height, number of tillers per clump, chlorophyll content, number of panicles per clump, grains per panicle, 100-grain weight, and total grain yield, and analyzed by comparing treatment means. The results indicated that applying bio-fermented liquid fertilizer at a concentration of 1.5 mL per 1,000 mL of water resulted in the highest plant height (121.45 cm) and the greatest number of tillers per clump (56.95). A 2 mL concentration produced the highest chlorophyll content (42.98 SPAD reading). In terms of yield, the 1.5 mL treatment showed promising outcomes with 57.8 panicles per clump, 172 grains per panicle, and the highest total grain weight of 317 grams. Additionally, the 100-grain weight under the 1.5 mL treatment was significantly greater (2.55 grams) than the control (p<0.05). These findings suggest that varying concentrations of bio-fermented liquid fertilizer can influence vegetative growth, flowering stimulation, and yield performance. Particularly, application during the flowering stage appears to enhance grain weight and quality in Pathum Thani 1 rice.
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