การเสริมฤทธิ์ต้านแบคทีเรียของน้ำมันหอมระเหยกับน้ำผึ้งในการยับยั้ง Escherichia coli O157:H7

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ตระหนัก สมเนตร

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Escherichia coli O157:H7 เป็นแบคทีเรียก่อโรคในระบบทางเดินอาหาร ก่อให้เกิดอาการฮีโมไลติกยูรีมิก สามารถติดต่อสู่คนโดยการกินอาหารที่มีเชื้อปนเปื้อน ปัจจุบันอุตสาหกรรมอาหารมีความพยายามค้นหาสารกันเสียทางชีวภาพที่ปลอดภัย เช่น น้ำมันหอมระเหย และน้ำผึ้งเพื่อทดแทนสารกันเสียที่เป็นสารเคมีชนิดสังเคราะห์ งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาผลของการใช้น้ำมันหอมระเหย และน้ำผึ้งร่วมกันในการยับยั้ง E. coli O157:H7 ผลการศึกษาพบว่าค่าความเข้มข้นต่ำสุดที่ยับยั้งเชื้อแบคทีเรียได้ (MICs) ของน้ำมันหอมระเหย 5 ชนิด ได้แก่ น้ำมันหอมระเหยตะไคร้ โป๊ยกั๊ก ใบโหระพา พลู และใบมะกรูด อยู่ระหว่าง 1.562-3.125 ไมโครลิตรต่อมิลลิลิตร ส่วนค่า MICs ของน้ำผึ้ง 5 ชนิด ได้แก่ น้ำผึ้งดอกลำไย น้ำผึ้งดอกทานตะวัน น้ำผึ้งดอกลิ้นจี่ น้ำผึ้งดอกกาแฟ และน้ำผึ้งมานูก้า อยู่ระหว่าง 6.25-25% (v/v) การประเมินการเสริมฤทธิ์ต้านแบคทีเรียของน้ำมันหอมระเหยกับน้ำผึ้งใช้วิธี checkerboard microbroth dilution และวิเคราะห์ผลด้วยค่าดัชนีชี้วัดประสิทธิภาพร่วม (FICI) ซึ่งพบว่าการใช้น้ำมันหอมระเหยใบโหระพาร่วมกับน้ำผึ้งดอกกาแฟ หรือน้ำผึ้งมานูก้าแสดงฤทธิ์เสริมกัน โดยมีค่า FICI เท่ากับ 0.5 นอกจากนี้การใช้น้ำมันหอมระเหยตะไคร้ หรือน้ำมันหอมระเหยใบมะกรูดร่วมกับน้ำผึ้งชนิดใดชนิดหนึ่งมีแนวโน้มเสริมฤทธิ์กัน โดยมีค่า FICI อยู่ระหว่าง 0.75-1.00 ดังนั้นการใช้น้ำมันหอมระเหยร่วมกับน้ำผึ้งอาจเป็นทางเลือกใหม่ในการใช้เป็นสารกันเสียทางชีวภาพเพื่อควบคุม E. coli O157:H7 ในอาหารได้

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