The land use changes effect to agricultural production process at Makong riverside in That Phanom district, Nakhon Phanom province

Abstract

     The adaptation and development at Mekhong riverside have affected to the plant productions of farmers. The objectives of this study were to analyze the land use changes and the process of agricultural production at Mekong riverside, That Phanom district, Nakhon Phanom province during before and after developmental projects. The instruments were used the satellite images of Landsat 5 in 1995 and 2004, Sentinel 2 in 2017 to classify using the Object-based Image Analysis (OBIA) technique and the interviewing of 60 farmers who plant at Mekong riverside using stratified sampling. As the results, that the land use changes during 1195 to 2004 consisted of miscellaneous lands, water sources, residences and buildings increased 20.79%, 19.54%, and 9.67% respectively. Agricultural lands and forest areas decreased by 32.50%, and 17.50% respectively. Subsequently, during 2004 to 2017, there were miscellaneous areas, residences and buildings increased to 43.51%, and 6.45% respectively. Water sources, forest and agriculture decreased to 32.34%, 11.42%, and 6.24% respectively. The agricultural lands were decreased because the bank river was eroded and buildings were increased. These led to intensive cultivation due to having limitation, high capital, high technology and the demand of the market has increased. The production process became commercial production because land use changed. While in the past, the production process was subsistence production which is mainly for household consumption and low-cost investment. This study can be used to manage, plan, and develop agricultural cultivation at the Mekong riverside.