Development of aerated lightweight concrete incorporating rice husk ash and recycled glass bottles under the circular economy approach
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Abstract
The increasing amount of agricultural and municipal waste, such as rice husk ash from biomass power plants and
glass cullet from urban solid waste, raises concerns regarding waste management and the depletion of natural resources. This study aims to investigate the potential of these waste materials as components in aerated lightweight concrete by optimizing the water-to-binder ratio and mix proportions. The physical and mechanical properties evaluated include compressive strength, bulk density, and water absorption. The experimental design includes water-to-binder (w/b) ratios of 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, and 0.7; cement replacement with rice husk ash at 0, 10, 20, and 30% by weight; aluminum powder at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0%; and fine aggregate replacement with recycled glass cullet ranging from 0 to 100% by weight.
The optimal mix is identified as having a w/b ratio of 0.6, 30% rice husk ash, 1.0% aluminum powder, and 80% recycled glass cullet by weight of fine aggregate. After 28 days of curing, the mix achieves a compressive strength of 5.53 MPa, which exceeds the minimum requirement for Type C12 aerated concrete specified in TIS 2601 2556 (≥ 2.5 MPa). The bulk density is 1,070 kg/m³, which falls within the standard range for Type C12 (1,001–1,200 kg/m³). The water absorption is 24.97%, which slightly exceeds the standard limit (≤ 23%) but remains within an acceptable range for practical use, particularly in applications without direct moisture exposure. Overall, the findings highlight the potential of utilizing agricultural and municipal waste as sustainable alternatives to conventional construction
materials, contributing to cement reduction, greenhouse gas mitigation, and the development of environmentally friendly construction products.
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References
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