Effects of Light from LED Bulb on Growth and Yield of Red Oak and Green Oak Lettuce in Hydroponics
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The effects of a light-emitting diode (LED) on the growth and yield of red oak and green oak lettuce in hydroponics systems were investigated in a temperature-controlled room at 25±2 oC for 16 hours a day, and the results were compared with outdoor cultivation. The experiment was organized in 5x2 factorial design in a completely randomized design (CRD), with factor A consisting of five types of LED lights: white LEDs, LED grow light (4000 K), grow light (warm white), grow light (pink), and sunlight (control). Factor B included lettuce types: red oak and green oak. The plants were harvested 35 days after planting the seeds. The results revealed that both the LED light and lettuce type significantly influenced plant height, leaf length, leaf width, color (L*, b*), and shoot fresh weight (P≤0.01). The LED grow light provided the number of leaves, the height of the plant, the width bush, the length leaf, and the width of the leaf better than sunlight. However, concerning yield, plants grown under the sunlight exhibited significantly higher fresh leaf and root weight, as well as dry leaf and root weights, compared to those grown under LED light. Regarding lettuce types, there were significant differences, with green oak exhibiting higher growth than red oak. It was observed that general white LED bulbs were not favorable to the growth of both red oak and green oak lettuce.
Article Details
References
Gacomelli, 1998, Greenhouse Glazing and Solar Radiation Transmission Workshop, October 1998 @CCEA, Center for Controlled Environment Agriculture, Rutgers University, Cook College, AZ, 85721, USA.
FAO, 2012. Food and Agriculture. Organization of the United Nations (FAO). “Global food security index 2012”. Economist Intelligence Unit, p 10.
Thammawimol, K., 2020. Plant Factory. Avaliable Source: http://www.wangreefresh.com/ www.technologychaoban.com, November 7, 2021. (in Thai)
Kozai, T., Niu, G. and Takagaki, M., 2016, Plant Factory: An Indoor Vertical Farming System for Efficient Quality Food Production. Academic Press., California, U.S.A.
Kim, H-H, Goins, G., Wheeler, R. and Sager, J., 2004, Green light supplementation for enhanced lettuce growth under red and blue light-emitting diodes, HortSci. 39: 1617-1622.
Rittiram, J. and Tira-umphon, T., 2019, Effects of light intensity on growth and yield of lettuce in plant factory system, Khon Kaen AGR. J., 47(6): 1243-1250. (in Thai)
Watjanatepin, N. and Boonmee, C., 2018, Which Color of Light from the Light Emitting Diodes is Optimal for Plant Cultivation, J. Science and Technology, 25(1): 158-176. (in Thai)
Xiaoying, L., Shirong, G., Taotao, C., Zhigang, X. and Tezuka, T., 2012, “Regulation of the growth and photosynthesis of cherry tomato seedlings by different light irradiations of light emitting diodes (LED)”. African journal of biotechnology, 11 (Suppl. 22), 6169-6177.
Lina, K.H., Huangb, M.Y., Huangc, W.D., Hsuc, M.H., Yang, Z.W. and Yang. C.M., 2013, Effects of red, blue, and white light-emitting diodes on the growth, development, and edible quality of hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata). HortSci 150: 86-91
Yothatip, J., 2010, Study of Growth Indoor Plants using Artificial Light, Master Thesis, Kasetsart university, Bangkok, 198 p. (in Thai)
kook, 2013, Blue LED (Light emitting diodes)- mediated growth promotion and control of Botrytis disease in lettuce, Acta Agr. Scand. Sect. B-Soil and Plant Sci., 63: 271-277.
Lee, J.S., Lee, C.A., Kim, Y.H. and Yun, S.J., 2013, Shorter wavelength blue light promotes growth of green perilla (Perilla frutescens). International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 16: 1177-1182
Chowwalittrakul, S., 2017, Automatic hydroponic vegetables growing system, Master Thesis, Kasetsart university, Bangkok, 54 p. (in Thai)
Krajangpan, K., Suebtaanaawong, T., and Wangsathiswong, S., 2018, lED Lighting Design for Indoor Planting Based on Daily Light Interal, 49(1 Suppl): 498-501. (in Thai)
Luksanasakul, A., and Chanthing, A., 2017, Vegetable indoor Plants under Light Emitting Diodes, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, 45 p. (in Thai)
Rungrat, T., and Thaw-U-Thum, N., 2021, Effects of natural light and light-emitting diode (LED)light onphotosynthetic efficiency and other related parameters in rice, Khon Kean AGR., 49(5): 1279-1287. (in Thai)
Kobayashi, N.I., Saito, T., Iwata, N., Ohmae, Y., Iwata, R., Tanoi, K. and Nakanishi, T.M. 2013. Leaf senescence in rice due to magnesium deficiency mediated defect intranspirationrate before sugar accumulationand chlorosis. Physiologia Plantarum doi : 10.1111/ppl.12003 : 490 - 501.
Petchthai, P., and Thonket, T., 2017, Effects of light intensity and exposure time on growth and quality of lettuce, Songklanakarin Journal of Plant Science, 4(3): 54-59. (in Thai)
Fujita, A., Soma, N., Goto-Yamamoto, N., Mizuno, A., Kiso, K. and Hashizume, K., 2007, Effect of shading on proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in the grape berry, Journal of the Japanese Society for HortSci, 76(2): 112-119.
Brougham, R.K., 1960, The relationship between the critical leaf area, total chlorophyll content, and maximum growthrate of some pasture and crop plants, Annals of Botany, 24: 463-474.