Phytochemical Screening, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities from Twig Crude Extracts of Bouea burmanica Griff.
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Abstract
Natural product use is currently trending because these products are safer than synthetic chemicals, serve as sources of bioactive compounds, and help prevent various diseases in human. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical screening, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxic effects on human keratinocyte immortal (HaCaT) cells of crude extracts from the twigs of Bouea burmanica Griff. Crude extracts were obtained using hexane, ethyl acetate andmethanol. Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of phenolics, flavonoids, steroids, anthraquinones, diterpenes, triterpenes and tannins. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods, respectively. The results revealed that the methanol extract had the highest total phenolic andflavonoid contents (20.24±3.77 mg GAE/g DW and 5.41±0.12 mg QE/g DW, respectively). Furthermore, three different antioxidant assays; DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP, were conducted. The methanol extract exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity, with IC50 values of 1.14±0.16 µg/mL for DPPH and 47.86±1.39 µg/mL for ABTS, while the FPAP assay yielded a value of 27.87±3.85 mg FeSO4 equivalent/g DW. Cytotoxicity testing on HaCaT cells at a concentration of 1,000 µg/mL showed that the ethyl acetate extract had moderate cytotoxicity (39.19±0.04) and was less cytotoxic to HaCaT cells than the other extracts. The results suggest that extracts from the twigs of B. burmanica have potential for development in the field of healthcare products
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