Photocatalytic Activity of Glass-Ceramic Glaze for Fast Firing Ceramic Tiles
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Abstract
This research aims to study the additions of the TiO2 and the mixed TiO2/Al2O3 photocatalysts on the photocatalytic capability of the glass-ceramic glaze on the fast-firing ceramic tiles for developing the self-cleaning glass-ceramic glazed tiles without coating the TiO2 layer on the outer surface of the glazed-ceramic tiles. In addition, the self-cleaning glass-ceramic glazed tiles can reduce the manufacturing process and cost, while enhancing the utility and durability of the ceramic tiles. This work was conducted by studying the content and the particle size of the TiO2 and the mixed TiO2/Al2O3 photocatalysts, the firing temperature, and the firing rate on the photocatalytic capability of the glass-ceramic glaze on the fast-firing ceramic tiles prepared from glass frit raw material. The results of the study showed that adding solely TiO2 without Al2O3 in frit or glass-ceramic glazes were resulted in the transformation of TiO2 from anatase to rutile phase after firing at 1200 ºC, in which the photocatalytic activity was very low. Additionally, adding the mixed TiO2/Al2O3 (52/48 up to 48/52 by weight) in the frit glaze, no segregation of the single rutile TiO2 was observed. TiO2 reacted with BaO in the frit, and form barium titanium oxide (BaTiOx), which had better photocatalytic activity than rutile TiO2. The mixed TiO2/Al2O3 in frit glaze and firing at 1200ºC exhibited the degradation of methylene blue more than 44% from the continual test for 60 min.
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