A comparative growth performance and survival of different genetic strains of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) in a floating net cage culture farming in the Cirata Lake, West Java, Indonesia
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Abstract
This investigation was conducted to evaluate growth performance and survival rate between 3 cultivated and 1 genetically improved strains of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.), which were cultured in a floating net cage system in the Cirata Lake, West Java, Indonesia. Two thousand sex-reversed fingerlings of Nile tilapia (34.8 ± 11.7 g) and Red tilapia (42.4 ± 13.9 g) were stocked in two replicate net cages (7m width × 7m length × 2.5m height). All fish were individually tagged and cultured with similar conditions in the net cages for a period of 183 days. Growth performance, survival, morphology, and skin (or scale) color were individually recorded. The statistical model considered the initial weight as covariate, the replicate cages as block, and the genetic strains as treatment. The least square means ranged from 709.4 ± 15.5 g to 877.7 ± 14.2 g for harvest weight and 38.0 ± 2.2% to 43.6 ± 2.2% for survival rate of Nile tilapia, and from 682.2 ± 12.3 g to 758.7 ± 12.9 g for harvest weight and 39.2 ± 2.2% to 51.2 ± 2.2% for survival rate of Red tilapia. The genetically improved strain (IG-SB) had the highest (P < 0.05) harvest weight and highest average daily gain for both Nile and Red tilapia. All tested Nile tilapia strains had no significant difference for survival rate. However, the genetically improved strains tended to have higher survival than the other strains. The cultivated Nile tilapia strains had shorter (P < 0.05) standard length, head length, and body width than the genetically improved strain. While the genetically improved Red tilapia strain had outstanding thickness and greater skin pigmentation than the other strains. The genetically improved strain achieved 26.5% better average biomass among the tested tilapia strains in both species. These results stress the economic advantage of using genetically improved tilapia strains to enhance a sustainable cage culture farming.
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