Correlation and path-coefficient analyses of yield and vegetative traits of tall coconut accessions
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Abstract
As a result of the prolonged gestation period of coconut, there is need to make selection for coconut improvement with the vegetative traits at pre-flowering stage. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the contributions of vegetative traits to components of yield in coconut. Coconut palm accessions of the tall type collected from South West (SW; n = 22), South East (SE; n = 17), North Central I (NCI; n = 20) and North Central II (NCII; n = 19) were evaluated over two years. The fruit and vegetative traits were evaluated using ANOVA, correlation and the path coefficient analyses. ANOVA indicated that there was significant difference for all traits evaluated at the locations. The coefficient of variation expatiated that the level of variability was lower in the vegetative traits (6.29–12.40%) than the fruit traits (30.73–54.99%). There was high positive significant correlation between the fruit weight per hectare and the other fruit yield components evaluated; husk weight (0.74; P < 0.01), nut weight (0.88; P < 0.01), split nut weight (0.86; P < 0.01), water volume (0.77; P < 0.01), fresh meat weight (0.82; P < 0.01) and copra weight (0.76; P < 0.01). Thus, selection for high fruit weight will accelerate improvement for other components of yield. There was significant positive correlation between fruit weight and each of number of fronds (0.27; P < 0.05), crown diameter (0.24; P < 0.05) and leaf spread (0.24; P < 0.05) while petiole length and leaflet length had negative significant correlation with nut weight (-0.30; P < 0.01, -0.28; P < 0.05), split nut weight (-0.34; P < 0.01, -0.29; P < 0.05), fresh meat weight (-0.38; P < 0.01, -0.32; P < 0.01), copra weight (-0.34; P < 0.01, -0.30; P < 0.01) and coconut water volume (-0.26; P < 0.05, -0.30; P < 0.01) which were other components of yield in the accessions evaluated. Path analysis indicated that the vegetative traits would not be effective in selecting for yield in coconut at the pre-flowering stage.
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