Growth performance and blood biochemistry of broiler chickens fed dietary white and cayenne pepper powders as additives
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Abstract
Strategies to improve performance of broiler chickens have often focused on the rapid conversion of feed to flesh and health status (blood biochemistry profile) of broiler chickens raised under optimal management. Recent findings have further explored ways dietary additives can increase growth and profitability of farmers. Hence, a study was conducted to investigate the impact of white and cayenne pepper powders fed as additives on growth performance and blood biochemistry profile of broiler chickens. A total of three hundred and thirty-six (336) 2-weeks old Cobb broiler chickens were randomly allotted into seven experimental groups of 48 birds each and four replicates of twelve birds each outlaid in a completely randomized design and reared intensively. Three levels (0, 200, and 250 g) of white pepper (WP) and cayenne pepper (CP) powders per 100 kg of compounded feed were formulated into the basal (B), B+200WP, B+250WP, B+200CP, B+250CP, B+100WP+100CP and B+125WP+125CP diets offered in two phases: starter (14 days) and finisher (18 days). At starter phase, results obtained reveal birds fed B+125WP+125CP diet had lower (P < 0.05) feed intake (1,119.56 g) than B+200WP (1,193.88 g) group. Feeding chickens with B+125WP+125CP diet resulted in better (P < 0.05) feed conversion ratio (1.62) than B+100WP+100CP (1.76). White blood cell (WBC) and lymphocyte counts were affected (P < 0.05) at the starter phase. Birds fed the basal diet had elevated WBC than groups given B+200CP diet and diets containing combination of additives. Increasing sole WP inclusion resulted in elevated lymphocyte count. At the finisher phase, chickens offered dietary B+250CP had a better neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio than B+250WP group. Creatinine was low (P < 0.05) when the basal, B+200WP, B+200CP, and B+250CP diets were supplied. Findings have demonstrated that feeding broiler chickens B+125WP+125CP diet should be adopted to improve growth performance without deleterious impact on blood profile and health status.
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References
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