Lithium stress tolerance of horse gram [Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.] plants in association with rhizobia
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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of lithium (Li) tolerance in rhizobia and enhancing the symbiotic efficiency and biosorption potential in the rhizobia inoculated horse gram [Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.] plants. Among the thirty-two rhizobial isolates, four isolates have shown tolerance towards Li in their preliminary screening. Among these thirty-two rhizobia, four strains HGR-4, HGR-6, HGR-13, and HGR-25 were selected for further studies based on their Li tolerance levels. These Li tolerant strains grown under different concentrations of Li were inoculated individually to horse gram plants. Triplicates were maintained for each treatment. Among them, the maximum number of pods was formed upon inoculation with the strain HGR-4 and HGR-6 at 30 μg g-1 of Li but followed by HGR-13 and HGR-25 at 10 μg g-1 of Li. Horse gram plants inoculated with the strain HGR-6 showed the maximum nodulation at 50 μg g-1 of Li. The amount of leghaemoglobin content was maximum at 30 μg g-1 of Li only, later it was decreased with an increase in Li concentration. The isolate HGR-6 (GQ483458 Rhizobium sp., ATCC 2336) showed the maximum biosorption of Li in root nodules and as well as in soil samples. This study demonstrated that the horse gram plants inoculated with Li tolerant Rhizobium strains HGR-4, HGR-6, HGR-13, and HGR-25 enhanced pod formation, symbiotic efficiency, and biosorption potential, besides having the nitrogen-fixing ability, also have the ability to grow in Li contaminated soils.
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