Micropropagation and gamma irradiation mutagenesis in Philodendron billietiae
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Abstract
Background and Objective: Philodendron billietiae is an ornamental plant. To date, mutated ornamental species with variegated traits are in high demand and command higher prices. Thus, the study was carried out in order to optimize the protocol for micropropagation and to induce mutation of P. billietiae using gamma rays.
Methodology: The shoot tips were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with growth regulators. The shoots were proliferated on MS medium supplemented with 1–4 mg/L BA, and the roots were performed on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 1–3 mg/L NAA for 60 days.
Main Results: The best shoots of P. billietiae were obtained on MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L BA, resulting in a significantly greater number of axillary shoots (2.97 ± 0.20 per explant) compared to the control after 60 days of culture. On the other hand, using 2 mg/L NAA in half-strength MS medium resulted in the highest number of roots (6.11 ± 2.26 per explant), but it was not significantly different from the control. For in vitro mutation induction, the cutting nodes of P. billietiae plantlets were exposed to 20–80 Gy of gamma rays. At 60 days, the lethal dose of gamma ray that causes a 50% reduction in survival (LD50) was 60.03 Gy.
Conclusions: The M1V3 plantlets in the 20 Gy treatment can grow and have pale leaves. In high gamma dose-irradiated cultures, there is no regeneration.
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