Influence of scent leaf (Ocimum gratissimum) powder supplementation on growth performance, serum biochemistry, organ weight, and organ histopathology of guinea fowls
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Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the influence of scent leaf powder (SLP) supplementation on growth performance, serum biochemistry, organ weight, and organ histopathology of guinea fowls within a 56-day feeding trial.
Methodology: A total of 240 one-day-old guinea fowls were assigned based on weight equalization into four treatments consisting of basal diet (control; T1), diet containing antibiotic (enrofloxacin included at 1 g/kg; T2) and diet containing SLP (included at 0.5 g/kg; T3 and 1 g/kg; T4). Each treatment contained 60 birds and 6 replications of 10 birds each. Birds were fed and provided water ad libitum throughout the experiment. Blood samples were collected via the wing vein of the birds for serum biochemistry analyses. Data on growth performance, serum biochemistry, relative organ weights, and histopathological examination were collected. Data generated were subjected to analysis of variance at a 5% significance level.
Main Results: The final body weight and weight gain were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in guinea fowls fed a diet containing 1 g/kg SLP than other treatments. The lowest feed intake and best (P < 0.05) feed conversion ratio was shown in birds fed diet containing 1 g/kg SLP. Guinea fowls fed a diet containing 1 g/kg SLP recorded significantly (P < 0.05) reduced alanine aminotransferase (ALT). The heaviest (P < 0.05) relative bursa weight was recorded with birds fed a diet containing 1 g/kg SLP. Kidney samples from birds fed a diet containing antibiotics and 1 g/kg SLP revealed a mild diffuse degeneration of the epithelial linings.
Conclusions: Dietary supplementation with 1 g/kg SLP improved the body weight and activated the immune organs of guinea fowls. However, 1 g/kg SLP supplementation showed a mild health problem. Therefore, a dosage above 0.5 g/kg and below 1 g/kg of SLP is suggested for improved performance.
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