Effects of caterpillar and mealworm meals in diets on the growth performance of white-leg shrimp in an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture system
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Abstract
Background and Objective: Due to its excellent nutritional content, insect meal is being investigated as a fishmeal substitute in aquafeed. The study examined the use of mealworm Tenebrio molitor and Papilio demoleus caterpillar meal for an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system reared white-leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei.
Methodology: Four diets were created, including a commercial pellet (CP) as a control. The other three diets used ground commercial pellets as a base and added 1% caterpillar meal (CM), 1% mealworm meal fed whole wheat flour (MM), or 1% mealworm-fed beetroot meal (MFBM). The restricted caterpillar meal resources reduced insect meal incorporation. Each IMTA system raised 50 tails of juvenile white-leg shrimp as the main species at 5 g/m2 in a one-ton, high-density polyethylene tank. White-leg shrimp tank water samples were taken every 15 days to analyze in situ water parameters and dissolved inorganic nutrients.
Main Results: Caterpillar larvae had a strong nutritional profile of crude protein (48.09 ± 0.29%), crude lipid (5.33 ± 1.34%), dry matter (22.26%), and crude ash (7.17%). This study found that mealworms have a decent nutritional profile of 41% crude protein and 45% crude lipid. White-leg shrimp fed CP demonstrated significantly better total weight gain (423.43%) and specific growth rates (5.40% per day) compared to the other diets. Water quality measurements were similar in all treatments (P > 0.05), indicating that white-leg shrimp growth was unaffected. The weight gain and specific growth rates of K. alvarezii and P. viridis did not significantly differ (P > 0.05) across the four treatments.
Conclusions: This study shows that mealworm and caterpillar meals can be a viable source of protein for the white-leg shrimp. This work is expected to provide a foundation for future investigations and an expanded understanding of potential target ingredients for the aquaculture industry.
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