Effect of cucumber juice fortification of dextrose saline extender on rooster sperm quality, oxidative stability, and kinetics
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Abstract
Background and Objective: Oxidative stress affects the quality of sperm cells and the success of fertilization. The use of natural antioxidants such as cucumber juice protects sperm cells from oxidative stress and increases their viability and motility. This study evaluates the efficacy of cucumber juice dextrose saline extender on sperm quality, oxidative stability, and spermatozoa kinematics in roosters.
Methodology: Thirty ISA Brown breeding roosters, aged 35–40 weeks, were used in the study. Various extenders were prepared with differing concentrations of cucumber juice (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) and dextrose saline. Mature cucumber fruits were processed to extract juice, which was then stored at 4°C. The roosters’ sperm was collected and diluted with these extenders in a completely randomized design. The analysis focused on sperm kinetics (motility traits: progressive motility, percentage motility, and non-progressive motility; speed traits: average path velocity, curvilinear velocity, and straight-line velocity; and trajectory traits: straightness, linearity, beat cross frequency, and amplitude of lateral head) using a computer-assisted sperm analyser (CASA) and examined oxidative stress markers (n=10) through standard assays.
Main Results: The study revealed percentage motility, curvilinear velocity, and amplitude of lateral head were significantly higher in 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% cucumber juice extenders compared to 0% and 50%. Additionally, the average path velocity and non-progressive motility were highest in the 30% extender. The antioxidant activity of rooster sperm decreased over time, with significant differences observed between 0-hour and 5-hour measurements. The antioxidant activity was highest initially and diminished progressively in all cucumber juice concentrations. The lipid peroxidation rate of raw semen was highest across the extenders at 5 hours, followed by 40% and 50%, which were higher than those on 0%, the least was observed in those in 30%.
Conclusions: The 10%, 20%, and 40% cucumber juice in dextrose saline extenders are more effective for enhancing progressive motility, while the 30% extender showed the highest kinematic performance. This indicates that cucumber juice in a dextrose saline extender is suitable for rooster semen, as it promotes motility and optimally enhances kinematics properties at 30%.
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