Production trial on eggplant, Solanum melongena L. varieties utilized by farmers in Arayat, Pampanga, Philippines
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background and Objective: Eggplant, Solanum melongena L., has received major attention in improving agricultural production. Several varieties of the crop have been developed, and a number are still being studied to make the crop adaptive to the changing climatic and environmental conditions. The study was conducted to determine the growth and yield performance of different eggplant varieties utilized by vegetable farmers in Arayat, Pampanga.
Methodology: The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with three replications and three varieties, namely Calixto F1, Long Purple F1, and Warhawk F1, representing the treatments.
Main Results: Results of the study showed significant differences among varieties tested in terms of plant height at 30 (P = 0.006) and 60 (P = 0.005) days after transplanting (DAT), days to flowering (P = 0.023), polar diameter (P = 0.016), equatorial diameter (P = 0.040), numbers of marketable (P = 0.001) and non-marketable fruits (P = 0.022), weight of marketable (0.010) and non-marketable fruits (P = 0.048), and computed yield (kg/ha; P = 0.011). The variety Calixto F1 showed the best growth and yield performance as it gave the tallest plant height at 30 DAT (43.23 ± 0.92 cm), took the shorter length of days to flowering (31.67 ± 0.33 days), widest equatorial fruit size (10.40 ± 0.23 cm), heaviest fruit yield per plant (212.31 ± 9.46 g), heaviest weight of marketable fruit (6,939.19 ± 282.68 g), and highest computed yield (2,541.83 ± 103.55 kg/ha).
Conclusions: The current study recommends that Calixto F1 may be the most appropriate eggplant variety to be planted in the area, as it showed superior performance on various growth and yield parameters. However, other factors may still be taken into consideration when selecting varieties to be utilized.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Abney, T.D. and V.M. Russo. 1997. Factors affecting plant height and yield of eggplant. J. Sustain. Agric. 10(4): 37–48. https://doi.org/10.1300/J064v10n04_05.
Adamczewska-Sowińska, K., M. Krygier and J. Turczuk. 2016. The yield of eggplant depending on climate conditions and mulching. Folia Hort. 28(1): 19–24. https://doi.org/10.1515/fhort-2016-0003.
Akhtar, S. 2015. Advances in conventional breeding approaches for postharvest quality improvement in vegetables, pp. 141–176. In: M.W. Siddiqui, (Ed.), Postharvest Biology and Technology of Horticultural Crops: Principles and Practices for Quality Maintenance. 1st Edition. Apple Academic Press, New York, USA.
Akshay, D.A., S. Praneetha, P.I. Vethamoni and S. Rajeswari. 2018. Mean performance of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) genotypes under Tamil Nadu conditions. J. Agric. Ecol. 6(6): 47–53. http://doi.org/10.53911/JAE.2018.6206.
Akter, A., M.R. Islam, M.R. Islam, M.A. Islam, S.L. Hasan, S. Uddin and M.M. Rahman. 2022. Methods of urea fertilizer application influence growth, yield, and nitrogen use efficiency of transplanted Aman rice. Water. 14(21): 3539. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14213539.
Alam, I. and M. Salimullah. 2021. Genetic engineering of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.): Progress, controversy and potential. Horticulturae. 7(4): 78. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7040078.
Bautista, M.J.B., J.M.A. Cruz, E.V.L. Pagulayan, D.J. Tabor, J. Fuentes, S. Reyes and J. Basaula. 2024. UREA: A case study on identifying organic fertilizer, nutrients based on color characteristics using random forest algorithm for small-scale vegetable farms. Iconic Res. Eng. J. 7(12): 134–143.
Bogoev, G. and K. Kostadinov. 2011. Comparative testing of varieties eggplant, kept for intermediate agrarian production. Trakia Journal of Sciences. 9(4): 39–42.
Dala-Paula, B.M., M.F.V. Starling and M.B.A. Gloria. 2021. Vegetables consumed in Brazilian cuisine as sources of bioactive amines. Food Biosci. 40: 100856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100856.
Damnjanović, J., Z. Girek, J. Milojević, V. Zečević, T. Živanović, M. Ugrinović and S. Pavlović. 2022. Assessment of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) genotypes and selection of parameters for better yield. Chem. Proc. 10(1): 31. https://doi.org/10.3390/IOCAG2022-12309.
Ebert, A.W. 2017. Vegetable production, diseases, and climate change, pp. 103–124. In: D. Blandford, B. Hill and T. Josling, (Eds.), World Agricultural Resources and Food Security: International Food Security. Emerald Publishing, Bingley, UK.
Gerpacio, R.V. and A.P. Aquino. 2014. Socioeconomic Impacts of Bt Eggplant: Ex-ante Case Studies in the Philippines. International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications (ISAAA), Ithaca, New York, USA and SEAMEO Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
Gotame, T.P., S. Poudel, S.L. Shrestha and J. Shrestha. 2020. Evaluation of yield and yield components of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) genotypes in the Terai region of Nepal. Int. J. Environ. 9(2): 67–80. https://doi.org/10.3126/ije.v9i2.32517.
Isah, L.R., C.O. Orishagbemi, J. Netala, A.B. Zubair and A. Onekutu. 2022. Proximate, anti-nutrients, minerals and sensory properties of biscuits produced from wheat flour and three (3) varieties of eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum, S. incanum, S. melongena). IJAEMD. 10(2): 263–275.
Keinath, A.P. 2024. Productive specialty eggplant cultivars suitable for small farms in the southeastern coastal plain. HortScience. 59(5): 624–631. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI17693-24.
Koundinya, A.V.V., A. Das, S. Layek, R. Chowdhury and M.K. Pandit. 2017. Genetic variability, characters association and path analysis for yield and fruit quality components in Brinjal. J. Appl. & Nat. Sci. 9(3): 1343–1349. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i3.1364.
Kumar Yadav, S., U. Kumar, K. Prasad, Sh. Maurya and N. Saroj. 2024. Genetic divergence for different yield attributing traits in okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] genotypes grown in Himalayan foothills region. J. Agric. Sci. Technol. 26(6): 847–860. http://dx.doi.org/10.22034/JAST.26.4.847.
Mat Sulaiman, N.N., M.Y. Rafii, J. Duangjit, S.I. Ramlee, C. Phumichai, Y. Oladosu, D.R. Datta and I. Musa. 2020. Genetic variability of eggplant germplasm evaluated under open field and glasshouse cropping conditions. Agronomy. 10(3): 436. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10030436.
Miao, L., X. Wang, C. Yu, C. Ye, Y. Yan and H. Wang. 2024. What factors control plant height?. J. Integr. Agric. 23(6): 1803–1824. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.058.
Panergayo, K.S., R.C. Magos, C.H. Balatero, R.A. Panergayo, E.A. Arro, E.G. Hojilla, J.V. Villamor and D.C. Suacillo. 2008. 'Morena' and 'Banate King': New promising eggplant hybrids in the Philippines. Philipp. J. Crop. Sci. 109.
Parreño-de Guzman, L.E., O.B. Zamora and D.F.H. Bernardo. 2015. Diversified and integrated farming systems (DIFS): Philippine experiences for improved livelihood and nutrition. J. Dev. Sustain. Agric. 10(1): 19–33. https://doi.org/10.11178/jdsa.10.19.
Philippine Statistics Authority. 2014. CropStat for 2005–2014. Bureau of Agricultural Statistics, Philippines.
Quamruzzaman, A., F. Islam, M.N. Uddin and M. Chowdhury. 2019. Evaluation of green eggplant hybrids for yield and tolerance to biotic stress in Bangladesh. Adv. Agr. Environ. Sci. 2(1): 37–40.
Rashid, M.H., Z. Fardous, M.A.Z. Chowdhury, M.K. Alam, M.A. Rahman and M. Jahan. 2015. Micronutrients analysis in eggplant, spinach and water of Tangail district in Bangladesh. Adv. Biochem. Biotechnol. 1(1): 1–13.
Rodríguez-Burruezo, A., J. Prohens and F. Nuez. 2008. Performance of hybrids between local varieties of eggplant (Solanum melongena) and its relation to the mean of parents and to morphological and genetic distances among parents. Eur. J. Hortic. Sci. 73(2): 76–83. https://doi.org/10.1079/ejhs.2008/596544.
Sarker, B.C., B. Roy, S. Mustary, B.S. Sultana and B. Basak. 2011. Yield potential of some eggplant varieties under plant growth regulator. J. Innov. Dev. Strategy. 5(1): 34–37.
Sharath, M.N., V. Srinivasa, V.L. Devaraju, D. Lakshmana, S.Y. Chandrashekar and M.N. Gowda. 2023. Performance studies of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) hybrids for growth and yield traits under hill zone of Karnataka. Environ. Ecol. 41(1C): 732–736.
Suge, J.K., M.E. Omunyin and E.N. Omami. 2011. Effect of organic and inorganic sources of fertilizer on growth, yield and fruit quality of eggplant (Solanum melongena L). Arch. Appl. Sci. Res. 3(6): 470–479.
Uddin, M.S., M. Billah, R. Afroz, S. Rahman, N. Jahan, M.G. Hossain, S.A. Bagum, M.S. Uddin, A.B.M. Khaldun, M.G. Azam, N. Hossain, M.A.L. Akanda, M. Alhomrani, A. Gaber and A. Hossain. 2021. Evaluation of 130 eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) genotypes for future breeding program based on qualitative and quantitative traits, and various genetic parameters. Horticulturae. 7(10): 376. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7100376.
Umezinwa, P.O., A.L. Nnadi, V.O. Onyia, A.I. Atugwu and S.E. Obalum. 2021. Evaluation of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) parental varieties against their hybrid progenies and responses to N-fertilizer doses and dosing options on well-drained humid tropical soil. Trop. Agric. 97(2): 94–103.
Yeshiwas, Y., D. Belew and K. Tolessa. 2016. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) yield and fruit quality attributes as affected by varieties and growth conditions. World J. Agric. Sci. 12(6): 404–408. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.wjas.2016.404.408.narkert.
