Evaluation of wheat varieties from Bangladesh for grain yield and heat tolerance
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Abstract
Background and Objective: High-temperature stress is a key ecological element that restricts growth and yields in wheat crops. Keeping this important aspect in mind, eleven wheat varieties from Bangladesh were assessed for yielding ability and heat tolerance behavior.
Methodology: The research was conducted at the Agrotechnology Discipline Farm, Khulna University. The genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and replicated thrice. Eleven high-yielding wheat varieties from Bangladesh (BARI gom20 (Gourab), BARI gom21 (Shatabdi), BARI gom22 (Sufi), BARI gom23 (Bijoy), BARI gom24 (Prodip), BARI gom25, BARI gom26, BARI gom27, BARI gom29, BARI gom30, and Sourov) were used in the study. Data were gathered on different growth and yield parameters. Membrane thermal stability (MTS) and relative injury (RI) levels were considered to estimate the tolerance level of cultivars to temperature stress. Analysis of variance and principal component analysis were performed on different physiological and yield parameters. In addition, bivariate analyses (correlation and regression) were carried out to establish relationships among different characters.
Main Results: Significant variation (P < 0.05) was found among the eleven wheat varieties regarding all the growth and yield contributing characters as well as MSI and RI. Varieties BARI gom20 (Gourab), BARI gom21 (Shatabdi), BARI gom24 (Prodip), and BARI gom26 showed superior performance regarding yield (2.39, 2.81, 3.01, and 2.38 t ha-1, respectively) and MTS (65.72, 77.66, 84.64, and 56.12%, respectively). Grain yield was positively related to MTS but negatively related to RI, as revealed by regression analysis.
Conclusions: Wheat varieties BARI gom20 (Gourab), BARI gom21 (Shatabdi), BARI gom24 (Prodip), and BARI gom26 are recommended for cultivation in Khulna region of Bangladesh as these varieties exhibited better yielding ability and greater MTS.
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