A review on the ethnobotany of exotic species in Thailand III: Tamarindus indica L. (Fabaceae)
คำสำคัญ:
Cultural practices, Ethnomedicine, Herbal therapy, Indigenous knowledge, Tamarindบทคัดย่อ
This review explored the ethnobotanical uses of tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.: Fabaceae), an exotic species with a longstanding presence in Thailand. The study synthesized 199 use-reports from 42 references spanning 1995 to 2022, revealing its multifaceted roles in traditional medicine, food, and other applications across 16 ethnic groups. The plant is most commonly employed for treating digestive system disorders but also finds use in women's healthcare and combating infections. To understand its widespread use, we evaluated three hypotheses: availability, diversification, and versatility. The plant's ubiquity, due in part to its 700-year presence in Thailand, substantiates the availability hypothesis. Although the diversification hypothesis is less compelling in this context due to the existence of other species treating similar ailments, the versatility hypothesis was strongly supported by the plant's broad application across various domains. The review underscores the need for future phytochemical and ethnopharmacological studies to understand T. indica's medicinal efficacy better. It also suggests leveraging ethnobotanical knowledge for community-based conservation efforts.
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