Preliminary effects of calamus powder (Acorus calamus L.) on storage pests infestation in corn seeds
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Calamus is a medicinal plant, which has potential to control storage pests. This experiment was aimed to conduct a preliminary test on the efficacy of seed-coated calamus powder on insect infestation. The experiment was designed by factorial in RCBD with 2 replications and 2 factors e.g. 1) different amounts of calamus powder of 0, 7.5, 15, and 22.5 g and 2) containers; hemp, plastic and calico. Corn seeds were coated with assigned amounts of calamus powder and packed in each different container for 6 months. Insects were monthly identified and counted. Corn seeds were weighed at the end of the experiment. The result showed that only corn weevil adults were found in corn seeds. The adult numbers of corn weevil in non-coated seeds exponentially increased during the first 5 months, especially during second and third month of storage, and dropped in the sixth month. Two-way ANOVA analysis found significant effect of calamus powder on the numbers of corn weevil in each different months through 6 months (P<0.01). Furthermore, effects of container type and its interaction were statistically significant on second and third storage month only. The comparison of final and initial 300 g seed weights showed that the final weight of non-coated seeds was almost a half of its initial weight while weight losses of coated seeds after treatments with different amounts of calamus powder were not lower than 13%. In conclusion, calamus powder could efficiently control the storage pest in all type of containers in this study. However, intensively understanding on the toxicity, application, types of crop seeds and intolerable insect pests as well as chemical components of calamus, which grown in Thailand, would be useful for application of calamus medicinal plant in the purpose of preventing agricultural commodities from storage pests.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
ยืนยง วาณิชย์ปกรณ์ และพัชราภรณ์ วาณิชย์ปกรณ์. 2559. ประสิทธิภาพของผงเมล็ดน้อยหน่าที่มีต่อด้วงถั่วเขียวในการเก็บรักษาเมล็ดถั่วเขียว. แก่นเกษตร 44(1): 583-588.
สุรีรัตน์ ทองคำ อนุวัตน์ จันทรสุวรรณ และอัญชลี สวาสดิ์ธรรม. 2561. ประสิทธิภาพของสมุนไพร 4 ชนิดต่อการควบคุมด้วงงวงข้าวโพด (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky) ในการเก็บรักษาข้าวกล้องอินทรีย์พันธุ์ขาวดอกมะลิ 105. วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์เกษตร 49(1): 139-147.
สำนักวิจัยพัฒนาปัจจัยการผลิตทางการเกษตร. 2561. สารสกัดจากพืชเพื่อควบคุมศัตรูพืช. จดหมายข่าวผลิใบ.แหล่งข้อมูล http://www.doa.go.th/pibai/pibai/n12/v_2-mar/kayaipon.html (5 พฤศจิกายน 2561).
อรพิน เกิดชูเชิด และณัฏฐา เลาหกุลจิตต์. 2561. รายงานวิจัยฉบับสมบูรณ์ ประสิทธิภาพของพืชพื้นบ้านไทยต่อการควบคุมด้วงงวงข้าวโพดในข้าวสาร.
Boake, S.J., J.J.A. van loon, A. van Huis, D.K. Kossou and M. Dicke. 2001. The use of plant material to protect stored leguminous seeds against seed beetles: A review. Netherlands. Backhuys Publisher.
El-Nahal, A.K.M., G.H. Schmidt and E.M. Richa. 1989. Vapours of Acorus calamus oil-A space treatment for storedproduct insects. Journal of Stored Products Research 25(4): 211-216.
Gong, X.L., L.H. Dian and L.J. Zhang. 2007. Study on chemical constituents of volatile oil in rhizome and root of Acorus calamus L. China Pharmacy 18(3). 176–178.
Huang, Y.Z., Z.Y. He, Y.H. Cao and J.L. Wu. 1993. Analysis of the components of the rhizome volatile oils from Chinese Acorus plants and rational use of the resources. Chin. J. Chromatogr. 110: 267–270.
Lin, C.L., G.Y. Lin and J.Z. Cai. 2012. Study on the chemical constituents of the volatile oils from the Acorus calamus growing in Zhejiang Province. Chin. Pharm. 23(7): 640–641.
Lui, X.C., L.G. Zhou, Z.L. Liu and S.S. Du. 2013. Identification of insecticidal constituents of the essential oil of Acorus calamus rhizomes against Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel. Molecules 18(5): 5684-5696.
Mehta, P.S., K.S. Negi, R.S. Rathi and S.N. Ojha. 2012. Indigenous method of seed conservation and protection in Uttarakhand Himalaya. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge 11(2): 279-282.
Ortiga, A.C. 1987. Insect pests of maize: A guide for field identification. Mexico, D.F.: CIMMYT.
Paneru, R.B., G.N.J. le Patourel and S.H. Kennedy. 1997. Toxicity of Acorus calamus rhizome powder from eastern Nepal to Sitophilus granaries (L.) and Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Crop Protection 16(8): 759-763.
Tefera, T., S. Mugo and P. Likhayo. 2011. Effects of insect population density and storage time on grain damage and weight loss in maize due to the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais and the larger grain borer Prostephanus truncates. African Journal of Agriculture Research 6(10): 2249-2254.
Tewary, D.K., A. Bhardwaj and A. Shanker. 2005. Pesticidal activities in five medicinal plants collected from mid hills of western Himalayas. Industrial Crops and Products 22(3): 241-247.
Thorne, J.E. 1994. Life history of immune maize weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on corn stored at constant temperatures and relative humidities in the laboratory. Environmental Entomology 23(6): 1459-1471.
