Identification Types of Cannabinoids and Genetic Relationships in Hemp and Marijuana by SSR Markers
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Abstract
The identification types of cannabinoids in hemp and marijuana were analyzed by Gas Chromatography/ Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), a method that can identify cannabinoids in hemp and marijuana. It was found that there were 4 types of cannabinoids, namely THC, CBN, CBC, and CBD, and they were statistically and significantly different (P> 0.05), in the range of 0.65±0.15 – 6.76±0.21, 0.13±0.12 – 0.52±0.19, 0.00 – 0.29±0.15 and 0.96±0.18 – 3.97±0.18 %, respectively. Marijuana and Pang Thong could produce the highest THC content, Vietnam produced the highest CBN content, Pang Oung produced the highest CBC content and Vietnam produced the highest CBD and CBN content. The identification of DNA fingerprinting in 9 hemp cultivars and 1 marijuana by 11 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in the study could be perfectly 100 % detected and differentiated. Furthermore, DNA fingerprinting revealed 41 alleles to be polymorphic. Based on an initial DNA analysis using Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA), it revealed that the average number of alleles per SSR locus was 3.73. Similarly, their coefficients varied from 0.05 to 0.83 with an average of 0.44. Consequently, it indicated that there was a very broad genetic base and high genetic variation. As a result of using the SSR-base genetic similarity the UPGMA dendrogram, it was found that cannabinoids in hemp and marijuana can be classified into two distinct groups: Group 1 (Song Kew, Pang Tong, Huay Lang, Marijuana Pang Kae and Vietnam) and Group 2 (Pop Pra, Pang Aug, Mae Tala, and Huay Hoy).
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References
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