ประสิทธิภาพและผลกระทบต่อศัตรูธรรมชาติของสารป้องกันกำจัดแมลงบางชนิด เพื่อควบคุมเพลี้ยไฟในนาข้าวโดยใช้อากาศยานไร้คนขับ (โดรน)
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เทคโนโลยีอากาศยานไร้คนขับ (unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV)) หรือโดรน (drone) ถูกนำมาใช้ในภาคการเกษตรได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพและมีบทบาทมากขึ้นในการทำเกษตรแบบแม่นยำ งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาประสิทธิภาพของสารป้องกันกำจัดเพลี้ยไฟและผลกระทบต่อความหลากหลายของศัตรูธรรมชาติในนาข้าวด้วยอากาศยานไร้คนขับพ่นสาร ในแปลงเกษตรกรที่พบการระบาดของเพลี้ยไฟ ฤดูนาปรังและฤดูนาปี พ.ศ. 2564 จังหวัดสุพรรณบุรีและเชียงราย วางแผนการทดลองแบบ randomized complete block ใช้โดรนการเกษตร รุ่น AGRAS 16 และรุ่น DJI MG-1P พ่นสารตามอัตราแนะนำต่อน้ำ 3 ลิตรต่อไร่ บินพ่นสารอยู่เหนือต้นข้าว 2 เมตร ผลการทดลองพบว่า หลังพ่นสาร 14 วัน สารป้องกันกำจัดเพลี้ยไฟส่วนใหญ่ควบคุมเพลี้ยไฟได้ดี ประสิทธิภาพร้อยละ 79.12 - 97.36 เมื่อพิจารณาอัตราความเสียหายของใบข้าว ค่าเฉลี่ยจำนวนเพลี้ยไฟที่ลงทำลายข้าวต่อต้น ประสิทธิภาพ ความหลากหลายของศัตรูธรรมชาติ ค่าดัชนีความหลากหลายของ Shannon-Wiener และราคาของสารป้องกันกำจัดเพลี้ยไฟที่ใช้ต่อไร่ การพ่นสารด้วยอากาศยานไร้คนขับในพื้นที่นาข้าว 1 ไร่ สาร carbaryl 85 % WP อัตรา 40 กรัมต่อน้ำ 3 ลิตร และสาร dinotefuran 10 % WP อัตรา 20 กรัมต่อน้ำ 3 ลิตร เป็นสารป้องกันกำจัดเพลี้ยไฟที่มีประสิทธิภาพ ควรแนะนำให้เกษตรกรและผู้ประกอบการรับจ้างพ่นสารได้เลือกใช้
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