Development and Increasing Efficiency of Highland Rice Production by Ready-to-use Technology in Pang Mapha District, Mae Hong Son Province
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Abstract
The objective of this research was to develop and improve the efficiency of highland rice production using ready - to - use technology in Pang Mapha District, Mae Hong Son Province. The experiment compared the Rice Department’s technology package, managed by researchers, with farmer’s practices. Treatments were conducted in both lowland and upland rice ecosystems across six plots with two replications. The soils were classified as clay and sandy clay loam, with pH ranging from slightly acidic to very strongly acidic, and organic matter levels from medium to high. Comparison of fertilizer management methods showed that plots managed by researchers produced higher rice yields than those managed. Differences in tiller number and plant height were observed between upland and lowland ecosystems. Rice yields in the technology verification plots ranged from 372.2 to 492.5 kg/rai, with yield components including 1,000 - grain weight of 31.5 - 38.8 g and panicle length of 25.7 - 30.8 cm. In contrast, yields from farmer-managed plots ranged from 276.0 to 460.8 kg/rai, with 1,000 - grain weight of 29.8 - 37.0 g and panicle length of 25.3 - 29.6 cm. Notably, the rice variety Bua Mae Cha Tha, transplanted in all demonstration plots, produced higher yields than farmer fields. In Ban Mueang Pham (T1), panicle number was 220 panicles/m2, lowland than in T2 (259 panicles/m2), but T2 still produced the highest yield (674 kg/rai) due to its longer panicles (about 3 cm longer). Therefore, increasing the efficiency of rice production in this area requires site-specific technological approaches tailored to each ecosystem to achieve maximum rice yield
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