A study of raising conditions, economy and phenotype needs of Thai buffaloes with local wisdom of farmer to conservation and development of Thai buffalo in Udon Thani Province
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Abstract
This research aimed to study the conditions of buffalo farming, the economy and society of Oudorne-Thanni buffalo farmers and the need of external characteristics using local wisdom in an effort of the conservation and development of Thai buffalos in Udon Thani. The questionnaires were collected from 150 farmers located in Oudorne-Thanni and 20 of Oudorne-Thanni provincial livestock officers and Thai buffalo philosophers. The study showed that the most farmers have had sufficient land to raise buffaloes. The labour used in raising buffaloes is 1 - 2 persons per farm. The most farmers have had 6 - 10 years of experience raising buffaloes. Farmers have mostly less than 5 buffaloes per farm. As for the buffalo farming pattern, most of the animals had specific stalls and houses for keeping buffaloes. Farmers supply fresh grass and rice straw as roughage for their buffaloes. Most farmers did not have supplementary concentrated diet and minerals. Breeding buffaloes were carried out by natural insemination and in some cases artificial insemination. The most of farmers earn less than 50,000 baht per year, mainly from the sale of breeders and manure. Farmers have had a high level of need in the conservation and development of Thai buffaloes and showed preference for having a form of institution to learn Thai buffalo conservation to promote tourism. Farmers mostly decided to select their own buffalo breeds. There were high needs on the external appearance of buffaloes when considering the selection of male and female breeder buffaloes. Most farmers selected breeder buffaloes from pedigree, buffalo contests and the external appearance according to the Thai buffalo ideology. Factors of education level and experience of different farmers had statistically differed problems in raising buffaloes and requirements for selecting breeder buffalo (P < 0.05).
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References
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