The enhancement of sweet pepper seed germination by seed priming with permanent magnetic fields water
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Abstract
This study investigates the effects of permanent magnetic fields and soaking duration on seed germination and seedling growth of California sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). The experiment followed a 3×4 factorial design in a randomized complete block, examining two factors: magnetic field intensity at three levels (0 mT, 25 mT, 50 mT) and soaking duration at four levels (0, 3, 6, 9 hours). Seeds were soaked in magnetically treated water, dried, and tested for germination according to standard protocols. Results indicated that a magnetic field intensity of 50 mT increased the germination percentage in the laboratory (P<0.05). Soaking seeds in magnetically treated water for 3 hours reduced the average germination time, and significantly increased the germination percentage and germination index (P<0.01) in both laboratory and greenhouse settings. Interaction analysis revealed that soaking seeds in a 25 mT magnetic field for 3 hours resulted in the shortest average germination time (8.43 days), while soaking seeds in a 25 mT field for 6 hours yielded the highest germination percentage (84 %) and average germination index (3.89 seedlings/day) (P<0.05). Additionally, soaking seeds in a 25 mT field for 3 hours resulted in the highest seedling height at week one. Moreover, soaking seeds in a 50 mT field for 6 hours increased chlorophyll content in seedling leaves at week two (26.85 SPAD units). In conclusion, the optimal conditions for improving sweet pepper seed germination quality were a magnetic field intensity of 25 mT and a soaking duration of 6 hours.
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References
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