Farm management with organic materials on quality and chemical composition of soybean seeds cv. Chiang Mai 60
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Farm management with organic materials is one of the sustainable agriculture practices following sustainable development guidelines (SDGs) to reduce impacts on health and the environment and increase efficiency in agricultural production in Thailand. This study investigated the effect of different organic materials in planting plots of soybean seeds cv. Chiang Mai 60 on seed quality and chemical composition. A completely randomized design with three replications was used. The experiment was divided into nine treatments consisting of: 1) control (without added organic materials), 2) chemical fertilizers (16-8-8), 3) straw, 4) cow manure, 5) chicken manure, 6) biochar, 7) biochar mixed with straw, 8) biochar mixed with cow manure, and 9) biochar mixed with chicken manure. The results showed that the different types of organic materials affected soybean seed quality, including seed weight, seed quantity, seed moisture, seed germination, and the protein and fatty acid content of soybean seeds. However, seed color was not significantly different among the applications of different organic materials. The cow manure application resulted in the highest seed weight, whereas the application of biochar and chemical fertilizers produced the highest quantity of good seeds. The use of straw in the soybean planting plot led to the highest seed moisture. The utilization of biochar mixed with cow manure and biochar alone resulted in the highest seed germination, which was not significantly different from the use of chemical fertilizers. The straw treatment resulted in the lowest protein content in the soybean seeds. Additionally, the highest fat content in soybean seeds was observed under the application of biochar and cow manure, with no significant difference from chemical fertilizers. This indicated that organic materials could enhance the seed quality and chemical composition of soybean seeds cv. Chiang Mai 60 to meet agricultural product standards for soybeans.
Article Details
References
Aroonrungsikul, C. (2013). Effect of various organic fertilizers on tomato seed yield and quality. Proceedings of the 10th national seed conference 2013 (pp. 146-154). Hat Yai, Thailand: Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Campus. (in Thai)
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). (2019). Official methods of analysis of AOAC international
(16th ed.). Maryland, United States: The Association of Official Analytical Chemists.
Department of Internal Trade. (2011). Policy and measures for importing soybean 2011. Department of International Trade Promotion, Ministry of Commerce. Accessed January 15, 2024. Retrieved from https://agri.dit.go.th/file/doc/981-SOY2-for-you.pdf. (in Thai)
Hongrat, K. (2003). The study of the substitution of tiger shrimp excrement for chemical fertilizer in
soybean production. (Master’s thesis). Bangkok, Thailand: National Institute of Development Administration. (in Thai)
International Seed Testing Association (ISTA). (2010). International rules for seed testing rules. Bassesdorf, Switzerland: International Seed Testing Association.
Kumar, A., Gaind S., & Nain, L. (2008). Evaluation of thermophilic fungal consortium for paddy straw composting. Biodegradation. 19(3), 395-402. doi: 10.1007/s10532-007-9145-3
National Bureau of Agricultural Commodity and Food Standards. (2013). Soybean. Accessed September 15, 2023. Retrieved from https://www.acfs.go.th/standard/download/Soybean.pdf. (in Thai)
Nurmalasari, A. I., Budiastuti, M. T. S., Rahayu, M., & Agung, A. M. T. (2023). The role of different types of biochar sources and organic fertilizers on soybean growth in Kayu Putih agroforestry systems. Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on sustainable agriculture for rural development (ICSARD 2022) (pp. 42-48). Purwokerto, Indonesia: Atlantis Press. doi: 10.2991/978-94-6463-128-9_6
Office of Agricultural Economics. (2023). Thailand foreign agricultural trade statistics. Accessed June 10,
Retrieved from https://www.oae.go.th/assets/portals/1/files/jounal/2566/commodity2566.pdf. (in Thai)
Qiu, L., Chang, R., Sun, J., Li, X., Cui, Z., & Li, Z. (1999). The history and use of primitive varieties in Chinese soybean breeding. Proceedings of the 6th world soybean research conference VI (pp. 4-7). Illinois, United States: Superior Printing Champaign, Illinois.
Ratneetoo, B. (2009). Organic fertilizer improves deteriorated soil. Princess of Naradhiwas University Journal, 1(2), 1-16. (in Thai)
Somboonkaew, N., Pumprasert, J., Sattrapai, N., Sanosomneng, K., Srisawangwong, S., Dumkum, W., Keatmaneerat, S., Sumretrum, P., Hemra, A., & Sri-iam, S. (2022). Assessment of postharvest loss in soybean supply chain. Thai Agricultural Research Journal, 40(2), 153-164. doi: 10.14456/thaidoa-agres.2022.13 (in Thai)
Sudarsono, W. A, Melati, M., & Aziz, S. A. (2013). Growth, nutrient uptake and yield organic soybean through fertilizer application cowshed. Indonesian Journal of Agronomy, 41(3), 202-208.
Sritongtae, C., Monkham, T., Sanitchon, J., Lodthong, S., Srisawangwong, S., & Chankaew. S. (2021). The feasibility study for off-season soybean production in research station for seed production. Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 49(1), 87-104. doi:10.14456/kaj.2021.8. (in Thai)
