Effects of colchicine on growth and morphological characteristics of Oryza sativa L. cv. Khao Jek in Chai Nat Province
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Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the effects of colchicine on survival rate, growth, chromosome number variation, stomatal cell size, and morphological characteristics of Oryza sativa L. cv. Khao Jek. Samples were collected from Hankha District in Chai Nat Province. Germinated seeds of Oryza sativa L. cv. Khao Jek were immersed in different concentrations of colchicine solution (0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.50 %) for 1, 2, and 3 days, respectively. The average survival rate of the rice after 60 days of colchicine treatment significantly decreased (P<0.05) as the concentration and duration of treatment increased. After 120 days of treatment, plant height was found to decrease as both the concentration of colchicine and the duration of treatment increased. Chromosome counting confirmed the presence of two tetraploid plants, both with chromosome numbers of 2n = 4x = 48, at 0.10 % and 0.50 % colchicine concentrations for 1 day. Highly significant differences (P<0.01) in stomatal length and width between diploid and tetraploid plants were observed, indicating that tetraploid plants exhibit altered morphological characteristics. The panicle length, as well as the length and thickness of the seeds in tetraploid plants, were greater compared to those in diploid plants.
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